Environmental occurrence, analysis, and toxicology of toxaphene compounds.

Geus, H.J. de; Besselink, Harrie; Brouwer, Abraham; Klungsøyr, Jarle; McHugh, Brendan; Nixon, Eugene R.; Rimkus, Gerhard; Wester, Piet W.; Boer, Jacob de

doi:10.1289/ehp.99107s1115

Cited by 88 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…In recent years there is a trend to determine the concentrations of individual toxaphene congeners instead of 'total toxaphene', which makes the use of GC6GC particularly interesting [18]. To quote an interesting problem, the separation of the congeners B 122) takes place.…”

Section: Analytical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Rotating Thermal Desorption Modulator and Independently Temperature-Programmable Columns

Geus¹,

Schelvis²,

Boer³

et al. 2000

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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Section: Analytical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Rotating Thermal Desorption Modulator and Independently Temperature-Programmable Columns

Geus¹,

Schelvis²,

Boer³

et al. 2000

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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“…Toxaphene was a widely used insecticide in the United States until its use was restricted in 1982 (Soto et al, 1995). Although toxaphene has been banned from use, it is persistent in the environment due to its lipophilic and volatile characteristics, which result in the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of toxaphene in ecosystems (de Geus et al, 1999). As a result, it is still commonly found in wildlife and human tissue samples (Lamb et al, 2008;Champoux et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, it is still commonly found in wildlife and human tissue samples (Lamb et al, 2008;Champoux et al, 2010). Toxaphene has harmful effects such as reproductive impairment, and continues to be a major contaminant in marine and freshwater biota (de Geus et al, 1999;Xia et al, 2009;Lamb et al, 2008;Martyniuk et al, 2009;Champoux et al, 2010;Kucklick et al, 2010). Kashian (2004) showed that toxaphene affects sexual differentiation by stimulating the production of males in concentrations as low as 50 lg l -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the critical timing of sex determination in Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) for use in toxicological studies

Ignace

Dodson²,

Kashian

2010

Hydrobiologia

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Daphnia are often used as test organisms to determine toxicity of chemicals found in the environment. Fecundity and mortality are the classic endpoints in such tests; however, there is increased interest in other sub-lethal endpoints. Most Daphnia reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis, typically reproducing asexually to produce genetically identical females. Environmental cues trigger the production of males allowing for sexual reproduction. This ability to switch reproductive strategies has been increasingly used as a bioassay endpoint in screens for sub-lethal effects of contaminants. In order to optimize such test, it is necessary to know when sex is determined during Daphnia development. A previous study using the insect juvenile hormone methyl farnesoate has shown that sex determination occurred during the egg maturation period in Daphnia. Our study exposed female Daphnia magna carrying eggs and embryos at different stages of maturation, to the insecticide toxaphene to determine if the timing of sex determination is similarly influenced by a pesticide. Our results suggest that in response to toxaphene exposure sex is determined in the immature oocyte, before the final maturation cleavage, and before the developing egg is extruded into the brood chamber. Thus, sex determination is transgenerational, being determined while the egg is still immature and in the mother's ovary.

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“…De Gues et al (1999) studied the presence of the different enantiomers of toxaphene at in fish of the Great Lakes and in Arctic marine mammals (up to 10 and 16 μg g −1 lipid). Gao et al (2000a, b) described the uptake of different enantiomers of demeton-S-methyl, malathion, and crufomate and DDT axenically aquatic cultivated plants duckweed (Spirodela oligorrhiza), parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum), and elodea (Elodea canadensis).…”

Section: Aquatic and Amphibian Biotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral xenobiotics bioaccumulations and environmental health prospectives

Hussain

ALOthman

Al–Warthan

et al. 2015

Environ Monit Assess

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The chiral xenobiotics are very dangerous for all of us due to the different enantioselective toxicities of the enantiomers. Besides, these have different enantioselective bioaccumulations and behaviors in our body and other organisms. It is of urgent need to understand the enantioselective bioaccumulations, toxicities, and the health hazards of the chiral xenobiotics. The present article describes the classification, sources of contamination, distribution, enantioselective bioaccumulation, and the toxicities of the chiral xenobiotics. Besides, the efforts are also made to discuss the prevention and remedial measures of the havoc of the chiral xenobiotics. The challenges of the chiral xenobiotics have also been highlighted. Finally, future prospectives are also discussed.

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Environmental occurrence, analysis, and toxicology of toxaphene compounds.

Cited by 88 publications

References 156 publications

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Rotating Thermal Desorption Modulator and Independently Temperature-Programmable Columns

Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Rotating Thermal Desorption Modulator and Independently Temperature-Programmable Columns

Identification of the critical timing of sex determination in Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) for use in toxicological studies

Chiral xenobiotics bioaccumulations and environmental health prospectives

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