Effect of abscisic acid and cytokinins on the development of somatic embryos in Hevea brasiliensis

Veisseire, Philippe; Linossier, Laurent; Coudret, A.

doi:10.1007/bf00035973

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…1980, Carron and Enjalric 1982), the efficiency increase of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration has been highlighted until now (Etienne et al. 1991, 1997a,b, Veisseire et al. 1994a,b, Lardet et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micropropagation of self‐rooting juvenile clones by secondary somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis

2010

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Micropropagation of self-rooting juvenile clones in Hevea brasiliensis was established for two clones CATAS 7-33-97 and CATAS 88-13 through the following three steps: induction of primary embryos, embryo multiplication by secondary somatic embryogenesis in three successive cycles from a single culture of primary embryo and plant regeneration. The embryo multiplication coefficients of the two clones increased in the first cycle and reached the maximum in the second and the third cycle at the same rate. Significant effects of origins of embryo fragments and calcium on secondary embryogenesis were detected, the highest ratios of the regenerated embryos to primary embryos appeared, when embryo fragments close to the base of embryos were used and incubated in Murashige and Skoog (MS)-based callogenesis medium with 6.0 mM CaCl 2 for CATAS 88-13 and 9.0 mM CaCl 2 for CATAS 7-33-97. The highest rates of plant conversion were produced on MS-based plant regeneration medium with 4.5 and 9.0 lM 2,4-D for CATAS 7-33-97 (85.0%) and 13.5 lM for CATAS 88-13 (75.0%), being higher than other reports (60%). Finally, the application of this system was discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several approaches to improving embryo conversion into plants have been reported in H. brasiliensis such as transferring mature embryo onto medium without plant regulators (Veisseire et al. 1994a,b), with coconut endosperm and IAA (Sushamakumari et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation of self‐rooting juvenile clones by secondary somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis

2010

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“…The color of embryo is correlated with the development of somatic embryo. On rubber, for example, white embryos would develop into plantlets, while the green embryos would develop into callus and produce embryogenic callus by secondary embryogenesis (Veisseire et al 1994). Somatic embryo color has been used for quality evaluation of synthetic seeds of carrot (Sakamoto et al 1992) and for assessing somatic embryo conversion potential of sweet potato (Padmanabhan et al 1998) and walnut (Deng and Cornu 1992).…”

Section: Somatic Embryo Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS OF SAGO (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Kasi¹,

Sumaryono²

2016

Indones. J. Agric. Sci.

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Development of somatic embryos of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) on agar-solidified medium are highly varied producing heterogeneous seedlings. Understanding of this phenomenon may help in improving the cultural procedures and conditions of sago<br />somatic embryogenesis to obtain uniform seedlings in a large scale. This experiment was conducted at the laboratory for plant cell culture and micropropagation, Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops from January to March 2006 to examine morphological changes i.e. color and development stages of sago during their somatic embryo development on an agar-solidified medium. Twenty single globular somatic embryos of sago with specific color (yellowish, greenish, and reddish) were cultured in a Petri dish supplemented with a solid medium. The medium was a micronutrients-modified MS (MMS) with half strength of macronutrients containing 0.01 mg l-1 ABA, 2 mg l-1 kinetin, 20 g l-1 sucrose, 0.5 g l-1 activated charcoal, and 2 g l-1 gelrite. Parameter observed was the percentage of embryo’s number based on color and developmental stage. The result showed that at the end of 6-week culture passage, most originally greenish (80.8%) and reddish (95.8%) embryos remained unchanged in their colors, whereas almost half of the originally yellowish embryos turned to greenish and only 30%<br />remained yellowish. At the same time, single globular embryos have changed gradually into the next developmental stages, although not all of the embryos were germinated. The initial color of embryo affected the rate of the developmental stage changes. Yellowish and greenish globular embryos developed more rapidly into cotyledon or germinant stages at 58% and 55% respectively, in 6 weeks than the reddish ones (41%). Therefore, the yellowish and greenish embryos are the best sources of material for in vitro mass propagation and synthetic seed production of sago.

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“…Warna embrio berhubungan dengan perkembangan embrio somatik, misalnya embrio berwarna putih pada karet berkembang menjadi planlet, sedangkan embrio hijau akan membentuk kalus dan menghasilkan kalus embriogenik lewat embriogenesis sekunder (Veisseire et al, 1994). Warna embrio somatik telah digunakan dalam penilaian mutu benih sintetik wortel (Sakamoto et al, 1992) dan potensi konversi embrio somatik dari ubi jalar (Padmanabhan et al, 1998) dan walnut (Deng & Cornu, 1992).…”

Section: Warna Embriounclassified

Keragaman morfologi selama perkembangan embrio somatik sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Morphological variations during the development of somatic embryos of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Kasi¹,

Sumaryono²

2016

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Summary In vitro culture of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) on an agar-solidified medium consists of somatic embryos of different sizes, colors, and developmental stages. One gram of mostly globular somatic embryos were cultured on a solid medium to observe their morphological variations with respect to embryo size, color, and developmental stage over one passage of six weeks culture. The medium was a modified-MS medium with half-strength of macronutrients containing 0.01 mg/L ABA and 2 mg/L kinetin. At the end of culture passage, fresh weight of embryo increased by 2.3 folds. The embryo numbers increased by more than two times indicating the formation of secondary embryos. The average size of sago somatic embryos did not change significantly over the culture period; however, the embryo size was already highly varied at the start and increased gradually as the embryo developed. At the initial of culture, 33.7 % of the embryos were yellowish, 64.1 % were greenish, and 2.2% were reddish. By the end of the culture the composition of yellowish embryos increased to 51.2 %, greenish embryo decreased to 42.5 % and red embryos increased to 6.3 %. At the initial culture, 61 % of the embryos were at the globular, 9 % at heart-shape and 30 % at torpedo stage. Generally globular embryos developed into later-stage embryos as the culture progressed, although almost 56% of the embryos remained at the globular stage after the sixth week.Ringkasan Kultur in vitro sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) pada medium padat terdiri dari embrio somatik dalam berbagai ukuran, warna, dan fase perkembangan. Satu gram embrio somatik yang sebagian besar dalam fase globuler dikulturkan pada medium padat untuk mengamati keragaman morfologi embrio dalam hal ukuran, warna dan fase perkembangan dalam satu periode kultur enam minggu. Medium kultur adalah MS modifikasi dengan setengah hara makro serta penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh ABA 0,01 mg/L dan kinetin 2 mg/L. Pada akhir masa kultur bobot embrio segar meningkat 2,3 kali dibandingkan awal masa kultur. Jumlah embrio juga mengalami peningkatan sebesar lebih dari dua kali yang menunjukkan adanya pembentukan embrio somatik sekunder. Ukuran rata-rata embrio tidak berubah secara signifikan selama masa kultur akan tetapi ukuran embrio telah sangat beragam pada awal kultur dan terus meningkat hingga akhir kultur. Warna embrio mengalami perubahan selama periode kultur. Pada awal kultur dijumpai 33,7 % embrio berwarna kuning, 64,1 % embrio hijau, dan 2,2 % embrio merah. Pada akhir kultur presentase embrio kuning meningkat menjadi 51,2 %, embrio hijau menjadi 42,5 %, dan embrio merah 6,3 %. Pada awal kultur, dijumpai 61 % embrio pada fase globuler, 9 % fase bentuk-hati dan 30 % fase torpedo. Umumnya embrio globuler berkembang menjadi embrio fase lanjut selama kultur berlangsung, namun 56 % embrio masih tetap dalam fase globuler pada minggu keenam.

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Effect of abscisic acid and cytokinins on the development of somatic embryos in Hevea brasiliensis

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Micropropagation of self‐rooting juvenile clones by secondary somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis

Micropropagation of self‐rooting juvenile clones by secondary somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis

MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS OF SAGO (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Keragaman morfologi selama perkembangan embrio somatik sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Morphological variations during the development of somatic embryos of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

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