Efetividade na adesão a reabilitação auditiva em crianças: Grupo de Adesão Familiar e terapia inicial

Abstract

ResumoIntrodução: O diagnóstico precoce da deficiência auditiva em crianças e a intervenção são determinantes para o desenvolvimento. Uso do AASI; expectativas dos familiares e sua implicação com o tratamento são fatores importantes para o prognóstico. Objetivo: O objetivo foi verificar a efetividade da adesão à reabilitação auditiva, a consistência de uso do AASI, a participação nas terapias e nos grupo na fase inicial do processo terapêutico (ADAPTI), num serviço da Rede Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada em crianças com deficiência auditiva atendidas em um serviço da Rede Municipal, seus responsáveis e terapeutas. Este estudo teve caráter descritivo quanti/qualitativo. Caracterizamos os sujeitos do ponto de vista demográfico, audiológico, da consistência de uso do AASI e da efetividade na adesão. Resultados: As 25 crianças foram organizadas em cinco grupos. Dessas, *Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Contribuição dos autores:BCY: realizou o delineamento do estudo, coleta, análise, interpretação dos dados e desenvolvimento da discussão. BCAM, ECC, LBF: auxiliou no delineamento do estudo e na análise dos resultados. BCACN: auxiliou no delineamento do estudo, análise e interpretação dos resultados. E-mail para correspondência: AbstractIntroduction: Early diagnosis of hearing loss in children and intervention, are determinants for the development. Use of hearing aids; Family members' expectations and their implication with treatment are important factors for the prognosis. Objective: This study verified the effectiveness of adherence to rehabilitation, the consistency of the use of hearing aids, participation in the therapies and in the initial phase of the therapeutic process (ADAPTI), in a Municipal Health Service of São Paulo. Method: The research was carried out with hearing impaired children attending a Municipal Health Service, their parents and therapists. This study was quanti/qualitative. We characterize the patients from a demographic, audiological point of view, the consistency of the use of the hearing aids and the effectiveness of adherence. Results: The 25 children were organized into five groups. Of these, 13 were female and 12 male. Twenty four had sensorineural hearing loss. One had conductive loss and the hearing aids were adapted with bone vibrator. Ten had suspicion/presence of other compromises. We classified them according to the ADAPTI outcome. Different prognoses interfered in the orientations, disinterested parents with different demands. Discussion: The group was a facilitator in the process. More homogenous groups lead to greater empathy among participants and greater likelihood of adherence. Distance and SII 65 dB are factors that appear to affect adherence. Conclusion: Homogeneous groups provided greater adhesion; the activities provided discussions that promote adherence to treatment; the group was considered a facilitator. The distance and SII 65 dB seem to affect adhesion.

Análise da efetividade de um programa de intervenção para famílias de crianças com deficiência auditiva

“…It is worth noting that strengthening family-centered intervention and improving the preparation of family members for situations related to hearing impairment of their child (19)(20)(21)(22) , through their reception and listening with the support of the other members of the group, were aspects reached in the proposed intervention, in agreement with the recommendations of the literature (1,9,14) .…”

“…Economic and educational factors should therefore be considered in the organization of services to families (8,14,20,21) , especially as regards the strategies to be employed, the time required for positive changes, as well as the educational materials used, adapted to their reality, so that they are effective.…”

“…The present study sought to guide the recommendations for best practices in programs for the population of hearing-impaired children that include: a) Access to the coordinated entrance in programs that follow the best practices of accompanying the families from the confirmation of the hearing impairment in a timely manner (6,10,17,18) . b) Strengthening of families as an integral and active part of the intervention programs (19,20) . c) Emotional support that includes the meeting with other relatives of the children with hearing impairment and adults with hearing impairment (5-7-12,17) .…”

“…c) Emotional support that includes the meeting with other relatives of the children with hearing impairment and adults with hearing impairment (5-7-12,17) . Some of the initiatives described in the literature, including the Brazilian reality, embrace parental support groups (20,21) , parenting courses, intervention through video-feedback, among other proposals (6,7,22) , however, there is still the need for research that analyzes the effectiveness of interventions aimed at the families of children with hearing impairment.…”

Itinerário terapêutico da criança surda na rede de atenção à saúde

“…Os profissionais argumentaram que a distância da residência dos usuários até o serviço é um dos fatores que pode representar barreiras à adesão ao processo de reabilitação, como de fato mostrou o estudo de Youssef, Mendes, Costa, Ficker e Novaes 20 .…”