Efeito de Diferentes Concentrações de Biodiesel no Desempenho de Um Trator em Operação de Preparo do Solo

Abstract

Since the last century, the use of fossil fuels has prevailed as the main source of energy. Due to energy and environmental issues, especially regarding to the emission of greenhouse gases, the demand for alternative energy sources has increased. In this context studies of the use of biodiesel in diesel cycle engines have become more frequent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the emissions in a diesel cycle engine using different mixtures of soybean biodiesel and diesel fuel in a tractor / harrow performing the operation of soil tillage. The experiment was a split plot, where the plots were mixtures of biodiesel and diesel (B5, B10, B25, B50, B75 and B100) and the subplot the depths of harrow acting (0.11; 0.13; 0.16; 0.182 cm) in a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment was conducted on the premises of the Anápolis city airport, where were determined emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides as well as the variable traction force, power on the draw bar, slippage, fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption related to operational performance of the mechanized set. The results show that using biodiesel is viable, reducing emissions of carbon monoxide and oxides of sulfur, the main greenhouse gases. The slippage increased with increasing working depth, due to higher demand for power from the tractor. The specific consumption decreased with increasing of working depth. The drawbar force and power was reduced when the concentration of factors combined increase the biodiesel blend and depth of work.

Disk harrow operational performance in three engine rotation speeds

“…In higher work speeds, harrow disks tend to deepen less and require less traction force and bar power, resulting in lower COC. These results are equivalent to those found by Levien et al (2003) and Cunha et al (2011), who also worked with harrow disks. Pequeno et al (2012), while evaluating the performance of a tractor-harrow set in the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid working in 214 rad s -1 (2040 rpm) rotation, authors found that for higher work speed there was a significant work depth reduction, of 0.11 m to 0.09 m, explained as a harrow floating effect.…”

Operating Performance of a Tractor Working With Different Ratios of Castor Bean and Jatropha Biodiesel

“…After being analyzed, the smoke opacity data were adjusted, resulting in linear models for Jatropha and castor biodiesel ( Figure 2). DELALIBERA et al (2012) reported an increase in emissions of particulate matter when the mixture of vegetable oil and diesel was used. PRABHAKAR & ANNAMALAI (2011), evaluating five types of biodiesel in different ratios, observed higher opacity values in the biodiesel than in the diesel, due to the higher viscosity that leads to incomplete combustion.…”

Producción y viabilidad del uso de biodiesel proveniente de aceite residual de fritura

“…Las prácticas desempeñadas durante el periodo de prueba fueron de menor esfuerzo para el motor, como transporte de forraje y servicios de limpieza en general, con esto, el motor no fue sometido a situaciones que le exigieran gran esfuerzo. Cunha et al (2011) con un tractor New Holland, modelo TT 4030 de 75 cv, utilizando mezcla de 5 % de biodiesel de soja (B5), obtuvo mayor consumo (8,5 L/hora máquina trabajada), con prácticas pesadas como laboreo del suelo. Fiorese et al, (2012) estableció un modelo de consumo con un tractor Massey Fegunson, modelo 275 (75cv) 4 x 2, año 1996, motor cuatro tiempos, con aspiración natural e inyección directa de combustible, que desempeñó ensayos en dinamómetro a una rotación de servicio de 1200 rpm, correspondiente a alto esfuerzo del motor, con un consumo de 9 L/horas máquina trabajada.…”