Efeito das plantas do algodoeiro e do tomateiro, como complemento alimentar, no desenvolvimento e na reprodução do predador Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Abstract

The occasional feeding on plants by Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) has produced different responses on its biology according to the plant species available. This study was undertaken to determine the development and reproduction of P. nigrispinus when confined on Gossypium hirsutum cv. Precocious CNPA1 and processing tomato Lycopersicum esculentum cv. IPA5 plants, using Tenebrio molitor (L.) pupa as prey. Nymphs and adults of P. nigrispinus were provided with prey and plants of cotton, prey and plant of tomato, prey and water, and only the prey. The predator could access the plants by caging nymphs and prey on plant leaves cultivated in pots. Nymphs caged on cotton or tomato plants with prey showed shorter duration of second and fifth ínstars. However, the shortest development period was observed for nymphs caged on cotton plants with prey. Nymphs fed on prey alone had lower survival within each ínstar and for the whole stage when compared to nymphs accessing plant, prey and water. The availability of cotton plants to nymphs produced heavier individuals compared to tomato plants, prey and water, and only prey. The adult weight at emergence was similar between plants and prey plus water, and superior to the treatment with prey alone. However, females of P. nigrispinus with access to the prey and cotton plant and prey and water showed significant body weight increase at the beginning of the reproductive activity, while females confined on tomato plants and only on prey did not range their weight during their lives. The availability of cotton and tomato plants to P. nigrispinus increased the number of eggs produced and adult longevity; moreover the former plant promoted higher oviposition frequency. Based on the results on net reproduction rate, intrinsic rate of increase and generation time, calculated for P. nigrispinus, the populations improved according to the plant species available and showed better response when confined with prey on cotton plants, followed by tomato plants. Also, insects fed on water plus prey developed better than those fed only on the prey.

Development and reproduction of Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) fed with Thyrinteina arnobia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) reared on guava leaves

“…This higher weight of the females than males was due to biomass accumulation by the females, which was necessary for their reproduction from the beginning of the fifth instar. Weight gain by the females of predatory Pentatomidae has also been related to the development of their ovary and egg formation (Oliveira et al, 1999;Oliveira et al, 2002). Duration from second to fifth instar (5.18 to 6.89 days) of P. nigrispinus was similar to that of 4.1 to 6.7 days for this predator fed with Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae and 3.4 to 6.0 days with Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) larvae (Zanuncio et al, 1990).…”

A dieta alimentar da presa Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) pode afetar o desenvolvimento do predador Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)?

“…No entanto, este parâmetro normalmente é bastante sensível à alimentação das formas imaturas (Evangelista Júnior et al, 2004;Freitas et al, 2006;Holtz et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2002a;Vacari et al, 2007), especialmente se houver ganho de peso de adultos (Zanuncio et al, 2002b).…”

Desenvolvimento do predador Podisus nigrispinus alimentado com Spodoptera frugiperda e Tenebrio molitor

“…P. nigrispinus tem sido criado e mantido em laboratório com larvas e pupas de Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (Oliveira et al, 2002;Vivan et al, 2002). No entanto, não existem relatos sobre as características biológicas e a predação, no campo ou laboratório, de P. nigrispinus em Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), um inseto polífago relatado como praga de gramíneas como o milho, arroz, capins, cana-deaçúcar e trigo, além de algodão, alface, batata e amendoim, no Brasil (Zucchi et al, 1993;Gallo et al, 2002 …”