Edaravone ameliorates the adverse effects of valproic acid toxicity in small intestine

Abstract

<jats:p> Valproic acid (VPA) is a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar psychiatric disorders, and migraine. Previous studies have reported an increased generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the toxic mechanism of VPA. Edaravone, a free radical scavenger for clinical use, can quench free radical reaction by trapping a variety of free radical species. In this study, effect of edaravone on some small intestine biochemical parameters in VPA-induced toxicity was investigated. Thirty seven Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly divided into four groups. The groups include control group, edaravone (30 mg<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> kg<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> day<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) given group, VPA (0.5 g<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> kg<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup> day<jats:sup>–1</jats:sup>) given group, VPA + edaravone (in same dose) given group. Edaravone and VPA were given intraperitoneally for 7 days. Biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde, as an index of lipid peroxidation(LPO), sialic acid (SA), glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione- S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, myeloperoxidase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tissue factor (TF) activities were determined in small intestine samples by colorimetric methods. Decreased small intestine antioxidant enzyme activities, increased LPO and SA levels, and increased activities of ALP and TF were detected in the VPA group. Based on our results edaravone may be suggested to reverse the oxidative stress and inflammation due to VPA-induced small intestine toxicity. </jats:p>

Melatonin is a potent modulator of antioxidative defense and cellular proliferation against aluminum toxicity in rats

“…Abnormal levels of ALP are closely related to a variety of pathological process and damage (Milan, 2006). Moreover, ALP activity has been associated with inflammatory process and tissue damage (Oktay et al, 2015). In our study, a significant increase was detected in the ALP activity of the Al group compared with the control group.…”

Edaravone ameliorates valproate-induced gingival toxicity by reducing oxidative-stress, inflammation and tissue damage

“…Antiepileptic drugs increase ROS by several mechanism and cause some damages in certain tissues (2,30,31). In our previous study, significantly decreased GST activities and also, although the results were unsignificant, decreased SOD, CAT and GPx activities were found in the intestinal tissues of vPA group compared to controls (12). The results of this study were consisted with the previous studies related with the vPA toxicity (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

“…In experimental studies EDA has been suggested to show protective effects on inflammation and tissue damage by eliminating the deleterious effects of oxidants in various tissues (11)(12)(13). It acts as an antioxidant by quenching hydroxyl radicals and by preventing lipid peroxidation caused by hydroxyl radicals.…”

Effects of Chard (Beta Vulgaris L. Var. Cicla) on Cardiac Damage in Valproic Acid-Induced Toxicity

“…Similarly, Oktay et al . () reported significantly decreased small intestine antioxidant enzyme activities and increased MDA levels in VPA group compared with the control group.…”

“…; Oktay et al . ). Excessive production of ROS can cause direct damage to cellular macromolecules, such as DNA, protein, and lipids, and can alter normal signaling pathways through activation of redox‐sensitive transcription factors.…”