Economic impacts of the floods in Pakistan

Looney, Robert E.

doi:10.1080/09584935.2012.670203

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The short-lived nature of the decrease in the dependence on agriculture is consistent with the existing literature on migration response to climatic change and climatic extremes in Pakistan showing that although rising temperatures increase rural-urban migration, and thereby lower the dependence on agriculture, floods do not significantly influence long-term migration in Pakistan (Mueller, Gray, and Kosec 2014). Although liquidity constraints may be responsible for their reluctance or inability to migrate permanently (e.g., Bryan, Chowdhury, and Mobarak 2014;Cattaneo and Peri 2016), guaranteed availability of humanitarian aid in response to climatic extremes such as floods and storms may also be responsible for slowing down the migration response to floods (e.g., Looney 2012;Strömberg 2007) and also for facilitating farmers' return to their ancestral location. On the contrary, but almost equal, the estimated magnitude of the effects of the 2011 and 2012 floods may also imply that such a return to ancestry happens within a year of flood exposure.…”

Section: Results Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Natural Disasters Change Savings and Employment Choices? Evidence from Bangladesh and Pakistan

2016

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Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Do natural disasters change savings and employment choices? Evidence from Bangladesh and Pakistan. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Bangladesh. 2. Income. 3. Natural disasters. 4. Pakistan. 5. Savings. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Department for International Development (DfID), the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), or their Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term "country" in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

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Section: Results Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Natural Disasters Change Savings and Employment Choices? Evidence from Bangladesh and Pakistan

2016

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“…The overall population of New Orleans city, for example, declined sharply after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, from 480 000 in 2000 to 344 000 in 2010, with many displaced residents not returning in a process termed staged migration [81]. The major floods in Pakistan in 2010 led to an estimated 1.6 million damaged or destroyed homes, and responses included both quick return and more permanent relocation within Pakistan [82].…”

Section: (B) Climatic and Resource-generated Amplification In Risks Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of climate risks across sectors and borders

Challinor

Adger

Benton

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

101

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Systemic climate risks, which result from the potential for cascading impacts through inter-related systems, pose particular challenges to risk assessment, especially when risks are transmitted across sectors and international boundaries. Most impacts of climate variability and change affect regions and jurisdictions in complex ways, and techniques for assessing this transmission of risk are still somewhat limited. Here, we begin to define new approaches to risk assessment that can account for transboundary and trans-sector risk transmission, by presenting: (i) a typology of risk transmission that distinguishes clearly the role of climate versus the role of the social and economic systems that distribute resources; (ii) a review of existing modelling, qualitative and systems-based methods of assessing risk and risk transmission; and (iii) case studies that examine risk transmission in human displacement, food, water and energy security. The case studies show that policies and institutions can attenuate risks significantly through cooperation that can be mutually beneficial to all parties. We conclude with some suggestions for assessment of complex risk transmission mechanisms: use of expert judgement; interactive scenario building; global systems science and big data; innovative use of climate and integrated assessment models; and methods to understand societal responses to climate risk. These approaches aim to inform both research and national-level risk assessment.

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“…Considering that Pakistan's industrial sector is largely agro-based, this may even result in setbacks for the industrial sector (Wilkinson and Peters 2015;FAO 2015). Recurring floods and prolonged droughts not only depreciate peoples' livelihood-earning capabilities, they also hamper the government's development efforts and poverty reduction initiatives (Looney 2012). This may push vulnerable communities into perpetual states of deprivation.…”

Section: Climate Change Extreme Events and Agricultural Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

What Defines Livelihood Vulnerability in Rural Semi-Arid Areas? Evidence from Pakistan

et al. 2018

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Rural livelihoods in semi-arid Pakistan are increasingly exposed to climate impacts such as rising temperatures, erratic rainfalls and more intense and frequent climate-related extreme events. This is introducing new risks to the already vulnerable and marginalised societies that lack development and have high poverty rates. This study uses the IPCC Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach to analyse the determinants of household livelihood vulnerability defining vulnerability in terms of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. It also determines various adaptation responses that farmers apply and elucidates the reasons why some farmers choose not to adapt to climate change. It focuses on three semi-arid districts in Pakistan (Faisalabad, D.G. Khan and Mardan) and uses a sample of 150 rural agricultural households. As per the LVI scores, D.G. Khan is the most vulnerable district to climate change impacts, followed by Mardan and Faisalabad, respectively. Results show that (a lack of) adaptive capacity plays quite an important role in shaping households' livelihood vulnerability for any given degree of exposure and sensitivity. Besides lower exposure and sensitivity to climate change, extremely low levels of adaptive capacity make Mardan more vulnerable to climate change compared to Faisalabad. The paper argues on people-centric development for rural areas through strengthening of agriculture sector as well as providing rural household opportunities for off-farm livelihoods.

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Economic impacts of the floods in Pakistan

Cited by 33 publications

References 1 publication

Do Natural Disasters Change Savings and Employment Choices? Evidence from Bangladesh and Pakistan

Do Natural Disasters Change Savings and Employment Choices? Evidence from Bangladesh and Pakistan

Transmission of climate risks across sectors and borders

What Defines Livelihood Vulnerability in Rural Semi-Arid Areas? Evidence from Pakistan

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