Ecological signifcance of winter wheat varieties in phytosanitary optimization of agroecosystems

Beznosko, I.; Parfenyuk, A. I.; Gorgan, Т.; Gavrilyuk, L.; Turovnik, Y.

doi:10.33245/2310-9270-2021-163-1-180-187

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Developing resistant varieties of cultivated plants is an environmentally safe method of protecting them from diseases. However, the benefits of many resistant varieties are short-lived as the new types of phytopathogenic microorganisms appear during their cultivation or their frequency increases, which weakens the previous resistance (Beznosko et al 2021). Widely specialized necrotrophic species of fungi, which are capable of parasitizing a significant number of species of the cultivated plants, quickly accumulate and live on seeds, fruits, root crops, plant residues and in the soil for a long time, are considered particularly dangerous (Parfenyuk 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytopathogenic Control of the Causes of the Main Types of Cereal Grain Culture Diseases of Fungal Etiology

BEZNOSKO,

DEMYANYUK,

MOSTOVIAK

2023

Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conducting constant monitoring of phytosanitary, effective diagnosis and making predictions as to the development and spread of some harmful organisms of fungal etiology are the important parts in ensuring the health of plants and maintaining the appropriate phytosanitary state of the agrocenoses. This scientific paper presents the conclusions of the author's own research of the spread and the development of pathogens of the main types of diseases of cereal grain crops (namely the winter wheat and the spring barley) of fungal etiology for the period of 2004-2022. It was determined that the phytopathogenic complex of agrocenoses of the winter wheat was dominated by the following root rots: helminthosporium (Bipolaris sorokiniana), fusarium (Fusarium spp.), cercosporella (Oculimacula yallundae), ophiobolus (Gaeumannomyces graminis), which affected on average up to 70.0% of the researched plants, the spread of diseases was 50%, and their development reached 1.81%. In the phytopathogenic complex of the spring barley, in addition to the root rot types (Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium spp.), the dominated varieties of spotting were discovered as the following: the dark brown (Cochliobolus sativus), the stripes (Pyrenophora graminea), the reticulate (Pyrenophora teres), the leaf septoria (Mycosphaerella graminicola), the powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), and the rhynchosporium (Rhynchosporium secalis). The areas of the spring barley crops affected by these diseases are on average 5.1% -75.0% of the total amount of the crops, the prevalence of these diseases varies from 2.0% to 65.0%, and their development is 1.2%-35.0%. Phytopathogenic microorganisms increased the level of biological pollution of the agrocenoses and increased certain ecological risks in the agroecosystems. Therefore, the availability of up-to-date information makes it possible to timely assess the level of danger and the risks associated with the negative effects of phytopathogenic microorganisms, as well as develop and apply effective plant protection measures and minimize crop losses.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytopathogenic Control of the Causes of the Main Types of Cereal Grain Culture Diseases of Fungal Etiology

BEZNOSKO,

DEMYANYUK,

MOSTOVIAK

2023

Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…production in Ukraine. At the same time, there is an increase in the mass accumulation of phytopathogenic microorganisms in soybean agrocenoses [1,2,3]. This leads to the development of harmful diseases of soybean plants during the growing season and can intensively colonize the vegetative organs of the plant, the rhizosphere and seed material, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the crop [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Population of Phytopathogenic Micromycetes in the Rhizospheric Soil of Kent Variety Soybean Plants

Havryliuk¹,

Kichigina²,

Beznosko³

2023

Open Science of Ukraine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fertile lands and a favorable climate led to the rapid spread of soybean production in Ukraine. At the same time, there is an increase in the mass accumulation of phytopathogenic microorganisms in soybean agrocenoses [1, 2, 3]. This leads to the development of harmful diseases of soybean plants during the growing season and can intensively colonize the vegetative organs of the plant, the rhizosphere and seed material, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the crop [4]. Biopreparations are one of the most powerful factors in the regulation of biotic relationships in agrocenoses, which allows solving the issue of ensuring balanced nutrition of plants and resistance to phytopathogenic micromycetes.

show abstract

Formation of phytopathogenic mycobiome on vegetative organs of plants in winter wheat

Beznosko,

Parfenyuk,

Ternoviy

2023

VLUBS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cultivated plants, which are characterized by high resistance to phytopathogenic microorganisms, create significant selective pressure on their populations and select highly pathogenic and aggressive forms. Highly susceptible plants to such microorganisms ensure a rapid growth in the population of phytopathogenic micromycetes in agrocenoses. Cultivation of such plant groups on production crops leads to an increase in biological pollution of the agrosphere and a significant decrease in the level of biological safety. This requires increased use of chemical means of plant protection against diseases, which causes chemical pollution of agroecosystems and leads to a significant decrease in the quality of plant products through the accumulation of metabolic products of phytopathogenic microorganisms in it and a decrease in biological safety in agrocenoses. Therefore, the assessment and selection of winter wheat varieties as a factor in the regulation of the phytopathogenic mycobiome in agrocenoses is a highly relevant area of research that ensures the selection of ecologically safe varieties of cultivated plants. Cultivation of such varieties leads to a decrease in the level of biological pollution in agrocenoses and increases the quality and safety of plant products. It is known that biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors affect the formation of populations of microorganisms. Therefore, the formation of the mycobiome on the vegetative organs of winter wheat during the ontogenesis of plants under traditional and organic technologies was investigated. It has been proven that the meteorological conditions during the years of the study, namely: high air temperature and a significant amount of precipitation during the growing season, which was observed in 2021 and in the long dry years of 2020 and 2022, had a significant impact on the formation of the population of micromycetes in the agrocenosis of winter wheat. According to the results of our own research, the population density of micromycetes and the intensity of sporulation of mushroom species decreased during the phase of emergence into the tube using traditional cultivation technology. At the same time, during the earing phase, mushroom sporulation increases by 2–3 times. This can be explained by the homeostatic reaction of the population of micromycetes in the mycobiome of vegetative organs of winter wheat plants to the chemical pressure of applied pesticides, which can cause contamination of agrocenoses with infectious structures of pathogens and their toxic metabolites. At the same time, the population density of micromycetes, under organic cultivation technology, increased during the growing season from the tillering phase to the earing phase, depending on the soil and climatic conditions. Under the conditions of various winter wheat cultivation technologies, significant changes in the formation of micromycete populations were observed due to the influence of varietal characteristics of plants. A significantly lower frequency of occurrence of species and their intensity of sporulation was observed on the vegetative organs of the Skagen variety, compared to winter wheat plants of the Podolyanka variety. This testifies to the ability of physiological and biochemical substances of plants of various varieties of winter wheat to stimulate or restrain the development of micromycetes in the mycobiome of vegetative organs of the culture. Evaluation of the plant variety based on indicators of influence on the density, frequency of occurrence and intensity of sporulation of micromycetes will ensure a decrease in the level of biological pollution and an increase in the biosafety of plant raw materials.

show abstract

Ecological signifcance of winter wheat varieties in phytosanitary optimization of agroecosystems

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Phytopathogenic Control of the Causes of the Main Types of Cereal Grain Culture Diseases of Fungal Etiology

Phytopathogenic Control of the Causes of the Main Types of Cereal Grain Culture Diseases of Fungal Etiology

Population of Phytopathogenic Micromycetes in the Rhizospheric Soil of Kent Variety Soybean Plants

Formation of phytopathogenic mycobiome on vegetative organs of plants in winter wheat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About