Early season height differences as robust predictors of weed growth potential in maize: new avenues for adaptive management?

McDonald, Andrew J.; Riha, Susan J.; DiTommaso, Antonio

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.2009.00759.x

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For example, beet yield was accurately predicted by the relative leaf area of Chenopodium album measured 30 days after weed emergence (Kropff & Spitters, 1991). Recently, the difference in plant height among weed and crop plants assessed soon after weed emergence was related to the intensity of competition and crop yield and also to the reproductive performance of weeds (McDonald et al. , 2010).…”

Section: Effect Traits and Agro‐ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trait‐based approaches to unravelling the assembly of weed communities and their impact on agro‐ecosystem functioning

Navas¹

2012

Weed Research

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Navas M‐L (2012). Trait‐based approaches to unravelling the assembly of weed communities and their impact on agro‐ecosystem functioning. Weed Research52, 479–488. Summary The trait‐based approach to plant functional ecology has gained considerable attention over the last two decades, allowing ecologists to address questions relating to species distribution, community assembly and ecosystem functioning. We show here how this approach can be used to address these issues for weed ecology in a new way, allowing research to shift from purely weed control issues to a more global understanding of the impact of weed communities on the agro‐ecosystem. We review how weed species are sorted by environmental factors and management according to the value of traits and the role thereof in the assembly of weed communities. How weed trait values and their distribution within communities affect agro‐ecosystem processes is discussed in relation to loss of crop production. We also introduce the question of the impact of weed functional structure on ecosystem services and suggest some directions for research at species, community and agro‐ecosystem levels.

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Section: Effect Traits and Agro‐ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2006). Although simple to parameterise and ecologically sound, these models lack accuracy, because demographical changes of weeds are not taken into account (but see McDonald et al. , 2010).…”

Section: Effect Traits and Agro‐ecosystem Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait‐based approaches to unravelling the assembly of weed communities and their impact on agro‐ecosystem functioning

Navas¹

2012

Weed Research

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“…Other studies have described the outcome of crop–weed competition and determined the importance of timing of weed emergence relative to the crop as a key variable influencing crop yield loss (Kropff & Spitters, 1991; Knezevic et al. , 1994; Bosnić & Swanton, 1997; McDonald et al. , 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize seed and stem roots differ in response to neighbouring weeds

Afifi

Swanton

2011

Weed Research

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Afifi M & Swanton C (2011). Maize seed and stem roots differ in response to neighbouring weeds. Weed Research51, 442–450. Summary Light signals such as the red to far‐red ratio (R/FR) reflected from stem and leaf surfaces of neighbouring weeds can trigger a shade avoidance response in maize seedlings, resulting in a reduction in root biomass. In this experiment, we tested the hypothesis that maize roots originating from seed or stem tissue differed in their response to the R/FR ratio reflected from neighbouring weeds. Laboratory experiments were conducted under conditions of non‐limiting resources using perennial ryegrass as a model weed species. The above‐ground reduction in the R/FR ratio reflected from neighbouring weeds delayed the emergence of the root radicle and reduced the root relative growth rate from emergence until the fourth leaf tip stage of maize. At this leaf stage, no effect was observed on root length or surface area of the root radicle or seminal roots. In contrast, crown root length, diameter, surface area and number were all reduced, compared with crown roots grown under weed‐free conditions. These changes accounted for the observed reduction in total root biomass and volume. This is the first study to report that maize roots originating from seed or stem tissue differ in their response to the proximity of neighbouring weeds.

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“…This could be due to differences in competitive response of weed individuals to crop competition. Polygonum persicaria is known to be a shade‐tolerant species (Griffith & Sultan, ), while C. album presents an erect growth habit allowing an overtopping strategy of the crop canopy in several crop types (McDonald et al ., ). Our study confirmed these results and additionally showed idiosyncratic patterns of ‘trait–environment’ relationships for these weeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in functional diversity and intraspecific trait variability of weeds in response to crop sequences and climate

et al. 2015

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International audienceHow weed communities assemble represents one the key issues of weed science. For a decade, functional approaches have been applied to investigate the processes that govern weed community assembly. In most previous studies, trait values have been generally averaged over multiple populations and habitats. Consequently, conspecifics display similar trait values while neglecting the considerable influence of intraspecific variability to detect changes in functional diversity in response to environmental drivers. However, this influence has been shown to be critical, especially, at local scales. Here, we studied changes in weed functional diversity at the field scale in four crop sequences. We focused on intra- and interspecific variability of four key functional traits involved in response to resource acquisition processes, the latter being modified by climate, management and competition. The relative influence of intra- and interspecific variability among the crop sequence types was highlighted using a diversity partitioning approach. It provides evidence for substantial amount of intraspecific variability in the weed community and underlines its essential role in response to fine-scale environmental drivers. In addition, we investigated the response of the three most abundant species to competition with the crop, the growing season and the crop sequence type. We highlighted that these species showed a wide range of combinations of trait values, suggesting the co-existence of several successful strategies. Based on these results, we emphasise that neglecting intraspecific variability can lead to substantial underestimations of the functional weed response to management and crop-weed competition at the field scale

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Early season height differences as robust predictors of weed growth potential in maize: new avenues for adaptive management?

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Trait‐based approaches to unravelling the assembly of weed communities and their impact on agro‐ecosystem functioning

Trait‐based approaches to unravelling the assembly of weed communities and their impact on agro‐ecosystem functioning

Maize seed and stem roots differ in response to neighbouring weeds

Changes in functional diversity and intraspecific trait variability of weeds in response to crop sequences and climate

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