Early life administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum BD-1 alleviates long-term colitis by remodeling the gut microbiota and promoting intestinal barrier development

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disease characterized by microbiota disturbance and intestinal mucosal damage. The current study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum BD-1 (BD-1) against long-term IBD and possible mechanism by which it alters the gut microbiota, immune response, and mucosal barrier. Our study found that early treatment of BD-1 + Ceftri (ceftriaxone followed by BD-1) and BD-1 confers a certain protective effect against the occurrence of long-term Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, which manifests as a decrease in inflammation scores and MPO activity levels, as well as a relatively intact intestinal epithelial structure. Moreover, compared to BD-1, Ceftri, and NS, early treatment with BD-1 + Ceftri promoted greater expression levels of mucosal barrier-related proteins [KI67, MUC2, ZO-1, secretory immunoglobulin A (slgA), Clauding-1, and Occludin], better local immune responses activation, and moderately better modulation of systemic immune responses during long-term colitis. This may be due to the fact that BD-1 + Ceftri can deliberately prolong the colonization time of some beneficial microbiota (e.g., Bifidobacterium) and reduce the relative abundance of inflammation-related microbiota (e.g., Escherichia/Shigella and Ruminococcus). Interestingly, we found that the changes in the gut barrier and immunity were already present immediately after early intervention with BD-1 + Ceftri, implying that early effects can persist with appropriate intervention. Furthermore, intervention with BD-1 alone in early life confers an anti-inflammatory effect to a certain degree in the long-term, which may be due to the interaction between BD-1 and the host’s native gut microbiota affecting intestinal metabolites. In conclusion, BD-1 was not as effective as BD-1 + Ceftri in early life, perhaps due to its failure to fully play the role of the strain itself under the influence of the host’s complex microbiota. Therefore, further research is needed to explore specific mechanisms for single strain and native microbiota or the combination between probiotics and antibiotics.

Complex probiotics alleviate ampicillin-induced antibiotic-associated diarrhea in mice

“…SIgA is the main component of the mucosal defense system of the body and plays a decisive role in the first line of defense against diseases (Kumar et al, 2020;. Our present results showed that complex probiotics increased the SIgA level in the colon tissue, which was similar to the results of Peng C. et al (2022).…”

Vancomycin-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis aggravates allergic rhinitis in mice by altered short-chain fatty acids

“… Kim et al (2018) showed that Tregs balance in the colon may reduce symptoms of atopic dermatitis in mice, which is consistent with these results. In addition, butyrate intervention may alleviate inflammatory damage of colonic mucosa, which may be related to butyrate as an energy material of colon mucosa, strengthening the nutrition of colon mucosal cells and inhibiting local mucosal inflammation ( Zhang et al, 2021 ; Peng et al, 2022 ). The specific mechanism needs more in-depth research.…”

Manipulating Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment: Clinical and Natural Product Interventions Explored

“…Representative probiotic supplements of Bifidobacterium spp. contain Bifidobacterium BLa80, Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7894, Bifidobacterium bifidum BD-1, Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2, Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2, among others [ 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 ]. Representative beneficial strains of Lactobacillaceae include Lactobacillus paracasei IJH-SONE68, Lactobacillus paracasei L9, Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, Bifidobacterium lactis BL-99 and others [ 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 ] (shown in Table 4 ).…”