Early hip laxity examination in predicting moderate and severe hip dysplasia in Estrela Mountain Dog

Ginja, Mário; Orden, José Manuel Gonzalo; Melo‐Pinto, Pedro; Bulas‐Cruz, José; Orden, M. A.; Román, Francisco; Llorens-Pena, Maria P.; Ferreira, António de Brum

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2008.00629.x

Cited by 36 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When breeding decisions are made based on the breeding values for a particular trait like CHD, further reduction in unwanted traits can be achieved [10], [13], [18] compared to when decisions are made based on phenotype alone. Several investigators have advocated the application of hip breeding values to breeding decisions including Ginja et al [19] most recently. However, individual dog breeders do not have access, for the most part, to a large diverse group of potential male and female dogs from which to breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis for Genetic Improvement of Hip Joints of Cohort Labrador Retrievers in the United States: 1970–2007

et al. 2010

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BackgroundCanine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is a common inherited disease that affects dog wellbeing and causes a heavy financial and emotional burden to dog owners and breeders due to secondary hip osteoarthritis. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) initiated a program in the 1960's to radiograph hip and elbow joints and release the OFA scores to the public for breeding dogs against CHD. Over last four decades, more than one million radiographic scores have been released.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe pedigrees in the OFA database consisted of 258,851 Labrador retrievers, the major breed scored by the OFA (25% of total records). Of these, 154,352 dogs had an OFA hip score reported between 1970 and 2007. The rest of the dogs (104,499) were the ancestors of the 154,352 dogs to link the pedigree relationships. The OFA hip score is based on a 7-point scale with the best ranked as 1 (excellent) and the worst hip dysplasia as 7. A mixed linear model was used to estimate the effects of age, sex, and test year period and to predict the breeding value for each dog. Additive genetic and residual variances were estimated using the average information restricted maximum likelihood procedure. The analysis also provided an inbreeding coefficient for each dog. The hip scores averaged 1.93 (±SD = 0.59) and the heritability was 0.21. A steady genetic improvement has accrued over the four decades. The breeding values decreased (improved) linearly. By the end of 2005, the total genetic improvement was 0.1 units, which is equivalent to 17% of the total phenotypic standard deviation.Conclusion/SignificanceA steady genetic improvement has been achieved through the selection based on the raw phenotype released by the OFA. As the heritability of the hip score was on the low end (0.21) of reported ranges, we propose that selection based on breeding values will result in more rapid genetic improvement than breeding based on phenotypic selection alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis for Genetic Improvement of Hip Joints of Cohort Labrador Retrievers in the United States: 1970–2007

et al. 2010

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“…An early screening test to detect puppies at risk for developing CHD has distinct advantages and is complementary for the current methods used in CHD control, with one-or two-year-old dogs (Ohlerth et al, 2003). A sensitive method for early detection of PHL could be instrumental to a further reduction of CHD incidence, and the PennHIP method has this potentiality (Ginja et al, 2008b). We omitted the CV in some animals because it was considered not essential for the measurement of DI, and this solution allowed us to limit costs and minimise exposure to radiation during the X-ray examination (Lust et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive hip laxity in Estrela Mountain Dog — Distraction index, heritability and breeding values

Ginja

Silvestre

Ferreira

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Two hundred and fifteen Estrela Mountain Dogs (EMD) were examined using the PennHIP method between 2002 and 2006. Passive hip laxity (PHL) was estimated calculating the distraction index (DI). Pedigree information was obtained from the Portuguese Kennel Club. The heritability and breeding values were estimated using the linear Animal Model. The DI, using as reference the worst joint of each animal, ranged from 0.15 to 1.12 (0.55 ± 0.19). The PHL was equal in right and left sides, and was higher in females than in males (P > 0.05 and P < 0.01 in the t-test, respectively). The estimated heritability was 0.83 ± 0.11. The mean breeding values for PHL were stable in EMD born between 1991 and 2003, and showed an improvement in 2004 and 2005. The data confirm high PHL in breeds with high prevalence and severity of canine hip dysplasia. The high heritability indicates that the DI could be reduced in the breed if PHL were used as a selection criterion. The early favourable evolution of DI breeding values could be related with the increase of voluntary radiographic hip screening in the last years, and the subsequent introduction of hip quality as a breeding criterion.

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“…First, in the normal hip extended view pelvis symmetry was evaluated; the iliac horizontal diameter (IHD) was measured by drawing a straight line between the dorsal and ventral iliac spines at the level of the cranial aspect of the sacroiliac joint (Martins et al 2016); then, in two independent sessions measurements of NA, PT, SI, SC and FAD in the left and right sides were performed to evaluate repeatability; finally, in six more sessions these variables were measured for each degree of rotation (series of 2°, 4° and 6° of rotation for right and left side). The NA was determined in degrees as the angle formed by a line joining the centre of the femoral heads and a line joining the centre of the femoral head and the craniolateral aspect of the ipsilateral acetabular rim ( Figure 2) (Vandekerckhove et al 2003;Ginja et al 2008;Comhaire et al 2009;Bausman and Wendelburg 2010). The centre of the femoral head was obtained using a circular calliper to delimitate the circular components of the femo- (Fluckiger et al 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pelvis rotation on the projected radiographic position of the femoral head in relationship to the acetabulum

Jd¹,

Colaço²,

Alves‐Pimenta³

et al. 2017

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to describe the influence of pelvis rotation on the projected radiographic position of the femoral head in relationship to the acetabulum in the standard ventrodorsal hip extended view, i.e. Norberg angle, pelvic thickness at the level of the cranial effective acetabular rim, femoral head subluxation index, femoral head subluxation category and femoral head-acetabular distance. Twelve adult dogs of large and giant breeds were radiographed in standard hip extended view and with 2°, 4° and 6° of rotation on the right and left sides. Norberg angle, pelvic thickness, subluxation index, subluxation category and femoral head-acetabular distance were measured on radiographs and analysed comparing a normal position with positions of different degrees of rotation for the dependent and non-dependent side. All the studied parameters showed adequate repeatability. Norberg angle and femoral head-acetabular distance did not show significant mean differences in all degrees of rotated pelvis (P > 0.05). The pelvic thickness showed an increase with the degree of rotation on the dependent side (P < 0.05) and a slight decrease on the non-dependent side (P > 0.05). The subluxation index and subluxation category showed an increase with the degree of rotation on the dependent side and a decrease on the non-dependent side (P < 0.05). As the subluxation index and subluxation category are parameters used in the classification of the main international hip dysplasia scoring systems, pelvic rotation can impair the final hip score, especially in scoring systems that are based on the worst joint.

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Early hip laxity examination in predicting moderate and severe hip dysplasia in Estrela Mountain Dog

Abstract: The Fédération Cynologique Internationale grades D and E can be predicted with confidence even before animals are one year old.

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Retrospective Analysis for Genetic Improvement of Hip Joints of Cohort Labrador Retrievers in the United States: 1970–2007

Retrospective Analysis for Genetic Improvement of Hip Joints of Cohort Labrador Retrievers in the United States: 1970–2007

Passive hip laxity in Estrela Mountain Dog — Distraction index, heritability and breeding values

Effects of pelvis rotation on the projected radiographic position of the femoral head in relationship to the acetabulum

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