Early Exercise Training After Renal Transplantation and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine: The Effect of Obesity

Abstract

Background/Aims: To assess, in a prospective cohort study of 238 renal transplant patients, our hypothesis that elevated ADMA levels may be influenced by physical exercise and obesity. Methods: Blood samples before and after six months were obtained from 116 transplant patients participating in an aerobic exercise (Group I). A control group consisted of 122 matched transplant patients who did not exercise regularly (Group II). Results: There were no significant differences in ADMA levels between both groups before the training program (Group I_B vs Group II_B). After six months of exercise, ADMA levels in Group I decreased (Group I_B vs Group I_A : 3.50 ± 0.45 vs 2.11 ± 0.35μmol/L; p< 0.01) and were lower compared to those in Group II (Group I_A vs Group II_A : 2 11 ± 0 23 vs 3 25 ± 0 34μmol/L; p< 0 01) Analysis of our results in obese renal transplant recipients (BMI B 30 kg/m²) confirmed a smaller effect of exercise training (Group I_BO vs Group I_AO : 3 75 ± 0 52 vs 3 45 ± 0 45; p< 0 05 and Group I_AO vs Group II_AO : 3.45 ± 0.45 vs 3.74 ± 0.62; p<0.05). Blood lipids, HbA_1C, insulin, and systolic BP were also affected by the training program. Conclusion: Elevated ADMA levels were significantly decreased by early exercise after renal transplantation. The effect of exercise was smaller in obese patients.

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 contributes to exercise-induced cardiac angiogenesis in mice

“…In the present study, we have found that exercise elevated the expression of DDAH1 and increased angiogenesis, suggesting that exercise could inhibit ADMA to promote angiogenesis by increasing the expression level of DDAH1. The result is consistent with the findings that regular aerobic exercise can reduce ADMA levels in human experiments (26,27). Therefore, studying the regulatory angiogenesis mechanism of DDAH1 is essential.…”

Physical activity – related changes in ADMA and vWF levels in patients with type 2 diabetes – a preliminary study

“…Teplan et al reached similar results. 28 They noticed the downgrade of ADMA from 3.50 ± 0.45 vs 2.11 ± 0.35 µmol/L in patients after kidney transplant who exercised regularly. 28 Also, Mittermayer et al confirmed the downgrade of this parameter after regular exercise.…”

“…28 They noticed the downgrade of ADMA from 3.50 ± 0.45 vs 2.11 ± 0.35 µmol/L in patients after kidney transplant who exercised regularly. 28 Also, Mittermayer et al confirmed the downgrade of this parameter after regular exercise. 29 Our studies showed changes in SDMA and L-arginine levels, which occurred due to planned, physical training.…”

Changes in Water Soluble Uremic Toxins and Urinary Acute Kidney Injury Biomarkers After 10- and 100-km Runs

“…The third part of this study was establishing changes in new water soluble uremic toxins: ADMA, SDMA and TMAO. ADMA is an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS) and a key enzyme for NO production [52,53,54,55]. SDMA is indirectly inhibiting NOS [13,17,55].…”

“…Eighty percent of ADMA is degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylamonohydrolase (DDAH), enzyme which is very active in kidney and liver [13,59], and 20% of ADMA in excreted by kidneys [17,52]. SDMA is not metabolized by DDAH and is excreted only by kidneys [54,55]. The levels of ADMA and SDMA are increased in renal failure, but also in subject with cardiovascular disease (CVD) without decreased eGFR [60].…”