Early Community Contexts, Race/Ethnicity and Young Adult CVD Risk Factors: The Protective Role of Education

Wickrama, K. A. S.; O’Neal, Catherine Walker; Lott, Ryan

doi:10.1007/s10900-011-9511-2

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Using Add Health data, Nicholson and Browning (12) found higher risk of obesity among women aged 18-26 years who lived in disadvantaged neighborhoods as adolescents (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.35). Also using Add Health, Wickrama et al (69) find a positive association between wave-1 school-district disadvantage and higher blood pressure (for systolic blood pressure, b = 3.2, P < 0.05; for diastolic blood pressure, b = 3.63, P < 0.001). Estimates from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics indicated that adolescents who lived in neighborhoods with poverty rates between 10%-20% had significantly higher risks for self-reported diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.70) by age 50 years than did those from nonpoor neighborhoods (70).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Continuity and Change in Early Neighborhood Poverty With Adult Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in the United States: Results From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, 1995–2008

Lippert¹,

Evans²,

Razak³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Limitations of extant research on neighborhood disadvantage and health include general reliance on point-intime neighborhood measures and sensitivity to residential self-selection. Using data from the US Census and the 1995-2008 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we applied conventional methods and coarsened exact matching to assess how cardiometabolic health varies among those entering, exiting, or remaining in poor and nonpoor neighborhoods. Within the full sample (n = 11,767), we found significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures among those who entered or consistently lived in poor neighborhoods relative to those who never lived in poor neighborhoods. Obesity was similarly more common among those who originated from poor neighborhoods than among those who originated from nonpoor neighborhoods. Having exited poor neighborhoods was associated with lower systolic blood pressure than was consistent residence in low-income communities. Among the matched sample (n = 9,727), results adjusted for confounders and residential selfselection revealed fewer significant contrasts. Compared with peers who had no neighborhood poverty exposure, those who consistently lived in poor neighborhoods had 46% and 52% higher odds of being obese or hypertensive, respectively. Those who exited neighborhood poverty had significantly higher diastolic blood pressures than those who had never lived in poor neighborhoods. These findings underscore the importance of past as well as current residential circumstances for cardiometabolic health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Continuity and Change in Early Neighborhood Poverty With Adult Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in the United States: Results From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, 1995–2008

Lippert¹,

Evans²,

Razak³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Epidemiology

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“…The fact that nativity differences are greater among the less educated group suggests that educational attainment is a major moderating factor [34] and social determinant of race-ethnic and nativity disparities in cardiovascular health behaviors and outcomes. Education was a significant predictor of CV health behaviors and health status measures, even controlling for housing tenure, employment status, family income, and other SES measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular health: associations with race–ethnicity, nativity, and education in a diverse, population-based sample of Californians

Bostean

Roberts

Crespi

et al. 2013

Annals of Epidemiology

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Purpose This study examined how race-ethnicity, nativity, and education interact to influence disparities in cardiovascular (CV) health, a new concept defined by the American Heart Association (AHA). We assessed whether race-ethnicity and nativity disparities in CV health vary by education, and whether the foreign-born differ in CV health from their US-born race-ethnic counterparts with comparable education. Methods We used data from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey to determine the prevalence of optimal CV health metrics (based on selected AHA guidelines) among adults ages 25 and over (n = 42,014). We examined the interaction between education and ethnicity-nativity, comparing predicted probabilities of each CV health measure between US-born and foreign-born Whites, Asians, and Latinos. Results All groups were at high risk of suboptimal physical activity levels, fruit and vegetable and fast food consumption, and overweight/obesity. Those with higher education were generally better-off, except among Asians. Ethnicity-nativity differences were more pronounced among those with less than a college degree. The foreign-born exhibited both advantages and disadvantages in CV health compared to their US-born counterparts that varied by ethnicity-nativity. Conclusions Education influences ethnicity-nativity disparities in CV health, with most race-ethnic and nativity differences occurring among the less educated. Studies of nativity differences in CV health should stratify by education in order to adequately address SES differences.

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“…Furthermore, the salience of observed psychosocial resources may vary across ethnic groups. For example, Wickrama, O’Neal, and Lott (2012) have shown that African American young adults do not accrue the same health benefits of education (lower cardiovascular disease [CVD] risk) as Whites. Thus, we expect the mediating role of psychosocial resources to vary across racial/ethnic groups.…”

Section: The Theoretical Framework and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early socioeconomic adversity, youth positive development, and young adults’ cardio-metabolic disease risk.

Wickrama¹,

O’Neal²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

Health Psychology

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These findings contribute valuable knowledge to existing research by elucidating how early adversity exerts an enduring long-term influence on young adults' cardio-metabolic disease risk directly and indirectly through psychosocial resources. Furthermore, this information suggests that effective intervention and prevention programs should focus on early adversity and the development of youths' psychosocial resources.

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Early Community Contexts, Race/Ethnicity and Young Adult CVD Risk Factors: The Protective Role of Education

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Associations of Continuity and Change in Early Neighborhood Poverty With Adult Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in the United States: Results From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, 1995–2008

Associations of Continuity and Change in Early Neighborhood Poverty With Adult Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in the United States: Results From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, 1995–2008

Cardiovascular health: associations with race–ethnicity, nativity, and education in a diverse, population-based sample of Californians

Early socioeconomic adversity, youth positive development, and young adults’ cardio-metabolic disease risk.

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