Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Factors Among Helicobacter pylori-Infected Patients Attending at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, North-West Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Dyslipidemia refers to a lipid profile disturbance due to decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Helicobacter pylori infection can lead to some appetite-related disorders that may cause deregulated absorption of nutrients in the digestive system, contributing to changes in serum lipids. The purpose of this study is to assess dyslipidemia and its associated factors among H. pylori -infected patients attending at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 231 H. pylori -positive and control groups, which were included by the convenience sampling technique from March to May 2021 at University of Gondar Specialized Hospital. Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristic data were collected using a pretested questionnaire, and 5mL of venous blood were used to determine the lipid profiles using DxC 700 AU chemistry analyzer. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Mann–Whitney U -test and multivariable logistic regression were applied, and P-value <0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results The magnitude of dyslipidemia among H. pylori -infected patients was 71.8% (95% CI: 62.7–79.7). There was a statistically significant difference in lipid profiles between H. pylori -infected patients and control groups. The median (IQR) of lipid profiles in H. pylori -infected patients and control groups were for low-density lipoprotein: 108 (89.8, 145.5) vs 95 (79.45, 115.8, P<0.001), for triglycerides: 93 (65,117) vs 83 (58.5, 102, P=0.031), and cholesterol: 143 (119.5, 169,) vs 125 (110,143, P<0.001) mg/dl, respectively. Helicobacter pylori infection, alcohol drinking, unable to read and write, primary school, and secondary school were a significant associated variables with dyslipidemia (P<0.05). Conclusion There was a median lipid profile statistically significant difference between H. pylori -positive and control groups. Helicobacter pylori infection, educational status, and alcohol drinking habit had statistically significant association with dyslipidemia.

Recent research progress on the correlation between metabolic syndrome and Helicobacter pylori infection

“…Similarly, the TC and HDL levels were downregulated in patients with HP infection ( Tali et al, 2022 ). Nigatie et al (2022) demonstrated that the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with HP infection was as high as 71.8%. The median TG, TC, and LDL levels in patients with HP infection (93, 143, and 108 mg/dL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in patients without HP infection (83, 125, and 95 mg/dL, respectively) ( Nigatie et al, 2022 ).…”

“… Nigatie et al (2022) demonstrated that the prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with HP infection was as high as 71.8%. The median TG, TC, and LDL levels in patients with HP infection (93, 143, and 108 mg/dL, respectively) were significantly higher than those in patients without HP infection (83, 125, and 95 mg/dL, respectively) ( Nigatie et al, 2022 ). Previous studies have demonstrated that HP infection was positively correlated with TC, TG, and LDL levels and negatively correlated with HDL levels ( Shimamoto et al, 2020 ).…”

Interactions between Helicobacter pylori infection and host metabolic homeostasis: A comprehensive review

“…Lipid profile abnormalities may be influenced by H. pylori infection, as evidenced by numerous epidemiological reports on eradication therapy. 62,63 A meta-analysis of 24 studies, including 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 20 non-RCTs, with a total of 5270 subjects, revealed that post-eradication lipid levels showed an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; mean difference (MD) = 2.28 mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.90-2.66) and triglycerides (TG; MD = 3.22 mg/dL, 95% CI: 1.13-5.31) compared to pre-eradication levels. 63 However, no difference was observed in LDL-C levels (MD = −2.33 mg/dL, 95% CI: −4.92 to 0.26).…”

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection-Associated Dyslipidemia in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia

“…Dyslipidemia was characterized when the total cholesterol level was >5.17 mmol/L and/or the triglyceride level was >1.69 mmol/L and/or the LDL-C level was >2.59 mmol/L and/or the HDL-C level was <1 mmol/L in males and/or the HDL-C level was <1.3 mmol/L in females [23,35].…”

“…Plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormality constitute dyslipidemia and are metabolically interrelated [22]. The H. pyloritriggered inflammatory response alters the nutrient absorption and serum lipid profile [23]. The intestinal absorption of these factors is crucial to maintain their optimum level in the body [24].…”