Dynamics of VCSELs Subject to Optical Injection of Arbitrary Polarization

Time-delay signature of chaos in 1550 nm VCSELs with variable-polarization FBG feedback

“…During calculations, the parameters are set as [41]: k = 125 ns −1 , α = 2.2, γ a = 0.02 ns −1 , γ p = 192 ns −1 , γ N = 0.67 ns −1 , γ S = 1000 ns −1 , the feedback phase θ is assumed to be integer multiples of 2π, and the parameters of FBG are [24]: n g = 1.45, L = 20 mm. The feedback delay time τ is fixed at 3 ns unless otherwise noted.…”

Experimental study on the dynamics of polarized strong optical injection in 1550 nm VCSELs

“…Figure 2(a) shows the optical spectrum of this VCSEL. The two polarization modes are 0.39 nm apart from each other (λ ∥ 1539.35 nm, λ ⊥ 1539.74 nm, λ ⊥ − λ ∥ 0.39 nm) with a 30 dB side-mode suppression ratio [9][10][11]. However, the weak polarization mode can also become injection locked with a strong injection ratio, and the master laser polarization aligns with the weak mode, as will be seen later in this Letter.…”

“…Researchers at the University of Essex have experimentally and theoretically analyzed the dynamics of polarized optical injection in 1550 nm VCSELs [9,10]. Recently, the dynamics of 1550 nm VCSELs subject to optical injection of arbitrary polarization have also been well studied [11]. The locking ranges of strong-OIL VCSELs (>1 nm) are usually at least an order of magnitude larger than those in previous polarized optical injection studies (∼0.1 nm).…”

Control of emitted light polarization in a 1310 nm dilute nitride spin-vertical cavity surface emitting laser subject to circularly polarized optical injection

“…PS and PB have been experimentally examined under polarized optical injection in conventional VCSELs emitting at shortwavelengths [33][34][35][36] and long-wavelengths. [37][38][39][40][41] Polarized optical injection (parallel, orthogonal, [42][43][44] and elliptical [45][46][47] ) has been applied in conventional VCSELs to obtain PS and PB between the two linear and orthogonal polarizations of the device, from parallel to orthogonal polarization and vice versa. However, reports of circularly polarized injection in conventional VCSELs are very limited.…”

“…In complementary studies, theoretical investigations on the effects of different polarized optical injection (elliptical, circular, or linear) in conventional VCSELs have been reported by our group. 46,47 Moreover, very recently, we have reported the first investigation of an optically injected dilute nitride spin-VCSEL emitting at the very important telecom wavelength of 1300 nm and operating at room temperature. 49,50 In that work, the control of the emitted polarization by the optically injected signal was experimentally and theoretically demonstrated.…”