Dynamics of circulating microparticles in chronic kidney disease and transplantation: Is it really reliable marker?

Dursun, İsmail; Yel, Sibel; Ünsür, Emel Kabakoğlu

doi:10.5500/wjt.v5.i4.267

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…It is also known that EMP are considered markers of endothelial dysfunction, which can carry ultra large VWF and contribute to the worsening of the endothelium injury . Other studies suggest that elevation of EMP levels may provide useful information about the role of vascular endothelium in graft rejection processes …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,37 Other studies suggest that elevation of EMP levels may provide useful information about the role of vascular endothelium in graft rejection processes. 1,3 Decreased renal function courses with electrolyte and acid-base imbalance, high levels of uremic toxins and inflammatory process exacerbation, with acute-phase markers elevation. Also, an irregular coagulation enzyme activity may be associated to the presence of endothelial injury, resulting in increased levels of VWF in circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell‐derived microparticles and von Willebrand factor in Brazilian renal transplant recipients

et al. 2019

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Aim This study was aimed at investigating platelet‐derived microparticles (PMP), endothelium cell‐derived microparticles (EMP) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) according to renal function and time post‐transplant. We found this study relevant because unusual biomarkers seem to be a promising tool to evaluate chronic renal disease and post‐transplant monitoring. Methods Ninety‐one renal transplant recipients (RTx) were allocated into groups according to creatinine plasma levels (C1 < 1.4 and C2 ≥ 1.4 mg/dL), estimated glomerular filtration rates (R1 < 60 and R2 ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) and time post‐transplant (T1: 3–24; T2: 25–60; T3: 61–120; and T4 > 120 months). EMP and PMP levels were assessed by flow cytometry and VWF levels were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Platelet‐derived microparticle levels were higher in C1 group compared with C2 (P = 0.00). According to diameter, small PMP and EMP (≤0.7 μm) were also higher in C1 group, all values of P less than 0.05. T1 and T2 groups have shown high EMP levels and a predominance of big microparticle (>0.7 μm) compared with T4 group, all values of P less than 0.05. Higher VWF levels were observed among RTx with creatinine ≥1.4 mg/dL compared with other RTx, P = 0.01. Conclusion The results showed that PMP, EMP and VWF are promising markers to evaluate endothelial function in RTx. These biomarkers could play a major role in monitoring patients after renal transplant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell‐derived microparticles and von Willebrand factor in Brazilian renal transplant recipients

et al. 2019

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“…Taken together, these data suggest that decreased endothelial EVs after KT reflect not only antibody-or T cell-mediated rejection but also improvement of preexisting endothelial dysfunction and of cardiovascular risk factors, paralleling recovery of renal function after KT (227,228).…”

Section: Plasma Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Cellular Crosstalk Between Immune System and Kidney Graft

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known immune-modulators exerting a critical role in kidney transplantation (KT). EV bioactive cargo includes graft antigens, costimulatory/inhibitory molecules, cytokines, growth factors, and functional microRNAs (miRNAs) that may modulate expression of recipient cell genes. As paracrine factors, neutrophil-and macrophage-derived EVs exert immunosuppressive and immune-stimulating effects on dendritic cells, respectively. Dendritic cell-derived EVs mediate alloantigen spreading and modulate antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. At systemic level, EVs exert pleiotropic effects on complement and coagulation. Depending on their biogenesis, they can amplify complement activation or shed complement inhibitors and prevent cell lysis. Likewise, endothelial-and platelet-derived EVs can exert procoagulant/prothrombotic effects and also promote endothelial survival and angiogenesis after ischemic injury. Kidney endothelial-and tubular-derived EVs play a key role in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and during the healing process; additionally, they can trigger rejection by inducing both alloimmune and autoimmune responses. Endothelial EVs have procoagulant/pro-inflammatory effects and can release sequestered self-antigens, generating a tissue-specific autoimmunity. Renal tubule-derived EVs shuttle pro-fibrotic mediators (TGF-β and miR-21) to interstitial fibroblasts and modulate neutrophil and T-lymphocyte influx. These processes can lead to peritubular capillary rarefaction and interstitial fibrosis-tubular atrophy. Different EVs, including those from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), have been employed as a therapeutic tool in experimental models of rejection and IRI. These particles protect tubular and endothelial cells (by inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation-fibrogenesis or by inducing autophagy) and stimulate tissue regeneration (by triggering angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and migration). Finally, urinary and serum EVs represent potential biomarkers for delayed graft function (DGF) and acute rejection. In conclusion, EVs sustain an intricate crosstalk between graft tissue and innate/adaptive immune systems. EVs play a major role in allorecognition, IRI, autoimmunity, and alloimmunity and are promising as biomarkers and therapeutic tools in KT.

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“…as defined by CD62E, CD144, CD146, etc. [8, 26, 38]), or leukocyte subsets. Furthermore, all patients were taking warfarin, so that extrapolation of non-AF and/or non-anticoagulated groups may be difficult, and without a platelet count we cannot relate this index to PMPs or soluble P selectin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between renal function and circulating microparticles, soluble P-selectin and E-selectin levels in atrial fibrillation

Lau

Xiong

Blann

et al. 2016

J Thromb Thrombolysis

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease are closely related, and any associated risk of stroke and thromboembolism due to AF is increased by concurrent renal dysfunction. The mechanism(s) for this include abnormalities in platelets and endothelial cells. We hypothesized relationships between levels of circulating platelet microparticles (PMPs, defined by CD42b), soluble P selectin (both reflecting platelet activation), soluble E-selectin (reflecting endothelial activation) and endothelial/platelet microparticles (EPMPs, defined by CD31) with progressive renal dysfunction. Blood samples were obtained from 160 anticoagulated AF patients. Microparticles were measured by flow cytometry, soluble E and P selectin levels by ELISA. Renal function was determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). EPMP levels demonstrated a linear increased trend across quartiles of eGFR (p = 0.034) and CKD stage (p < 0.001), and correlated with eGFR and serum creatinine (p < 0.01). PMPs, P-selectin and E-selectin levels were not significantly different across groupings of renal dysfunction, and no significant correlations with eGFR were evident (p = 0.186, p = 0.561, p = 0.746 respectively). Stepwise multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that worsening renal function was an independent predictor of EPMP levels (p < 0.001). In well-anticoagulated AF patients, there is potential relationship between endothelial function (as judged by elevated EPMP levels, with no change in PMPs) and renal function. Other markers of prothombotic state or cellular activation (PMP, P-selectin and E-selectin levels) were not significantly different across the various degree of renal dysfunction. Renal function must be addressed when measuring EPMP levels.

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Dynamics of circulating microparticles in chronic kidney disease and transplantation: Is it really reliable marker?

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Cell‐derived microparticles and von Willebrand factor in Brazilian renal transplant recipients

Cell‐derived microparticles and von Willebrand factor in Brazilian renal transplant recipients

Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Cellular Crosstalk Between Immune System and Kidney Graft

Relationship between renal function and circulating microparticles, soluble P-selectin and E-selectin levels in atrial fibrillation

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