Dynamic thermal ratings realize circuit load limits

Douglass, D.A.; Lawry, D.C.; Edris, A.; Bascom, E.C.

doi:10.1109/67.814665

Cited by 67 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Another research group was active around Douglass and Edris at Power Technologies and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in the USA [25,9,[26][27][28]. From 1988 to 2000 they integrated a software for calculating dynamic thermal ratings for several power system components (not only overhead lines) in substation controls and tested it at four utilities in the USA.…”

Section: Historical and Practical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting for dynamic line rating

Michiorri

Nguyen

Alessandrini

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

132

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International audienceThis paper presents an overview of the state of the art on the research on Dynamic Line Rating forecasting. It is directed at researchers and decision-makers in the renewable energy and smart grids domain, and in particular at members of both the power system and meteorological community. Its aim is to explain the details of one aspect of the complex interconnection between the environment and power systems. The ampacity of a conductor is defined as the maximum constant current which will meet the design, security and safety criteria of a particular line on which the conductor is used. Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) is a technology used to dynamically increase the ampacity of electric overhead transmission lines. It is based on the observation that the ampacity of an overhead line is determined by its ability to dissipate into the environment the heat produced by Joule effect. This in turn is dependent on environmental conditions such as the value of ambient temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed and direction. Currently, conservative static seasonal estimations of meteorological values are used to determine ampacity. In a DLR framework, the ampacity is estimated in real time or quasi-real time using sensors on the line that measure conductor temperature, tension, sag or environmental parameters such as wind speed and air temperature. Because of the conservative assumptions used to calculate static seasonal ampacity limits and the variability of weather parameters, DLRs are considerably higher than static seasonal ratings. The latent transmission capacity made available by DLRs means the operation time of equipment can be extended, especially in the current power system scenario, where power injections from Intermittent Renewable Sources (IRS) put stress on the existing infrastructure. DLR can represent a solution for accommodating higher renewable production whilst minimizing or postponing network reinforcements. On the other hand, the variability of DLR with respect to static seasonal ratings makes it particularly difficult to exploit, which explains the slow take-up rate of this technology. In order to facilitate the integration of DLR into power system operations, research has been launched into DLR forecasting, following a similar avenue to IRS production forecasting, i.e. based on a mix of statistical methods and meteorological forecasts. The development of reliable DLR forecasts will no doubt be seen as a necessary step for integrating DLR into power system management and reaping the expected benefits

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Section: Historical and Practical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting for dynamic line rating

Michiorri

Nguyen

Alessandrini

et al. 2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

132

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“…Dynamic thermal limits and variations in weather conditions are aperiodic events and detailed modeling of them is beneficial for releasing the latent capacity of an active distribution network. References [1], [2] provide conceptual details of dynamic and static thermal limits of power transmission circuits and extended applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of Energy Supply With Change in Weather Conditions and Dynamic Thermal Limits

Jayaweera

Islam

2014

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Aging network assets, significant variations in weather conditions, increased accommodation of intermittent distributed generation, and the network operating patterns deviate actual thermal limits of assets from deterministic thermal limits. In that context, the paper proposes a model integrated innovative approach to assess the security of energy supply in an active distribution network. The approach integrates models of dynamic thermal limits, stochastic variations in weather conditions, random outages, intermittent generation outputs, and random load fluctuations into Monte Carlo simulation and quantifies the level of insecurity. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by a case study. The results suggest that costs of outages can be significantly affected by combinatorial effects of weather patterns and dynamic thermal limits. Changes in weather patterns contribute more to the costs of the outages than dynamic variations in thermal limits. Latent capacities of assets do not necessarily reduce insecurity of energy supply. The paper also argues that assets in stressed distribution networks should be modeled with dynamic thermal limits for the quantification of true impacts.

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“…The hypothesis is that these kinds of solutions are less appropriate from economic, environmental and social perspectives [11]. DLR allows operators opportunities for delivering more power during its peak demand and avoiding unnecessary load shedding under contingency conditions [24]. Similarly, the power capacity limitations for any DSO can also be expensive, while a small increase in the capacity of the overhead lines may have significant economic effects [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Dynamic Line Rating in a Sub-Transmission System for Wind Power Integration

Talpur¹,

Wallnerström²,

Hilber³

et al. 2015

SGRE

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Based on conventional static line rating method, the actual current carrying capability of overhead conductors cannot be judged. Due to continuous increment in electricity demand and the difficulties associated with new line constructions, the overhead lines are therefore required to be rated based on a method that should establish their real-time capability in terms of electricity transmission. The method used to determine the real-time ampacity of overhead conductors not only can enhance their transmission capacity but can also help in allowing excessive renewable generation in the electricity network. In this research work, the issues related to analyzing an impact of wind power on periodical loading of overhead line as well as finding its static and dynamic ampacities with line current are investigated in detail. Moreover, the investigation related to finding a suitable location for the construction of a 60 MW wind farm is taken on board. Thereafter, the wind park is integrated with a regional grid, owned by Fortum Distribution AB. In addition to that, the electricity generated from the wind park is also calculated in this project. Later on, the work is devoted to finding the static and dynamic line ratings for “VL3” overhead conductor by using IEEE-738-2006 standard. Furthermore, the project also deals with finding the line current and making its comparison with maximum capacity of overhead conductor (VL3) for loading it in such a way that no any violation of safe ground clearance requirements is observed at all. Besides, the line current, knowing the conductor temperature when it transmits the required electricity in the presence of wind power generation is also an important factor to be taken into consideration. Therefore, based on real-time ambient conditions with actual line loading and with the help of IEEE-738-2006 standard, the conductor temperature is also calculated in this project. At the end, an economic analysis is performed to evaluate the financial advantages related to applying the dynamic line ratings approach in place of traditional static line ratings technique across an overhead conductor (VL3) and to know how much beneficial it is to temporarily postpone the rebuilding and/or construction of a new transmission line. Furthermore, an economic analysis related to wind power system is taken into consideration as well to get familiar with the costs related to building and connecting a 60 MW wind farm with the regional grid.

QC 20150824

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Dynamic thermal ratings realize circuit load limits

Cited by 67 publications

References 2 publications

Forecasting for dynamic line rating

Forecasting for dynamic line rating

Security of Energy Supply With Change in Weather Conditions and Dynamic Thermal Limits

Implementation of Dynamic Line Rating in a Sub-Transmission System for Wind Power Integration

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