Abstract-The concept of dynamic rating (DR) implies that the capacity of a component varies dynamically as a function of external parameters, while the rating traditionally is based on the worst-case. The value of DR thus lies in utilizing existing equipment to a greater extent. By implementing DR and correlating the new ratings with wind power generation, more generation can be implemented. The aim is hence to facilitate connection of renewable electricity production. This paper provides two main contributions: 1) a general dynamic line rating (DLR) calculation model on overhead lines; and 2) an economic optimization simulation model regarding wind power integration comparing DLR with more traditional approaches. These models can both be implemented together, but also separately. The DLR calculation model is easy to use by companies in daily operation where the dynamic line capacity is calculated as a function of static line capacity, wind speed, and ambient temperature. The DLR calculation model is furthermore compared with more comprehensive calculations that validate that the model is accurate enough. This paper also provides an application study where both proposed models are exemplified together and evaluated. Results from this study conclude that it is a significant economic potential of implementing DR within wind power integration.
The introduction of performance based tariff regulations, and higher media and political pressure have increased the need for well-performed asset management in the operation and planning of electrical distribution systems. In this paper quantitative reliability assessment methods are proposed as a tool to meet these new incentives. Electrical distribution systems have compared to other technical systems several special characteristics which are important to take into consideration when introducing reliability analysis methods. Moreover, the paper gives a brief discussion on the effects and the importance of customer participation in improving system reliability by providing additional system operating reserve from the market perspective. Finally, the paper discusses the reliability analysis with the reliability test systems, and stresses the usefulness of generally known test systems for such assessments. The ideas of future work on development of these test systems to address the changing power systems are presented.
Abstract-This paper proposes a method to allocate resources in power distribution planning and also introduces a new reliability index category, , flexibility to adjust to different laws or distribution system operator (DSO) policies of long outages. Possible legal consequences for distribution system operators are first identified and studied. A vulnerability-analysis method is introduced, including a statistical validation. The overall idea is to identify and evaluate possible states of power distribution systems using quantitative reliability analyses. Results should thus indicate how available resources (both human recourses and equipment) could be better utilized, e.g., in maintenance and holiday scheduling and in evaluating whether additional security should be deployed for certain forecasted weather conditions.To evaluate the method, an application study has been performed based on hourly weather measurements and about 65 000 detailed failure reports over eight years for two distribution systems in Sweden. Months, weekdays, and hours have been compared and the vulnerability of several weather phenomena in these areas has been evaluated. Of the weather phenomena studied, only heavy snowfall and strong winds, especially in combination, significantly affect the reliability. Temperature (frost), rain, and snow depth have a relatively low or no impact.
Abstract-This paper proposes a method to allocate resources in power distribution planning and also introduces a new reliability index category, , flexibility to adjust to different laws or distribution system operator (DSO) policies of long outages. Possible legal consequences for distribution system operators are first identified and studied. A vulnerability-analysis method is introduced, including a statistical validation. The overall idea is to identify and evaluate possible states of power distribution systems using quantitative reliability analyses. Results should thus indicate how available resources (both human recourses and equipment) could be better utilized, e.g., in maintenance and holiday scheduling and in evaluating whether additional security should be deployed for certain forecasted weather conditions.To evaluate the method, an application study has been performed based on hourly weather measurements and about 65 000 detailed failure reports over eight years for two distribution systems in Sweden. Months, weekdays, and hours have been compared and the vulnerability of several weather phenomena in these areas has been evaluated. Of the weather phenomena studied, only heavy snowfall and strong winds, especially in combination, significantly affect the reliability. Temperature (frost), rain, and snow depth have a relatively low or no impact.
Abstract-Power system owners are facing major challenges, for example with changed electricity consumption and production patterns; more distributed generation and increased demand of cost efficiency while maintaining high reliability. The concept of dynamic rating can act as a part solution and implies that the capacity of a component is dynamically varying as a function of external parameters such as weather and load history. This hence implies that a component can be better utilized. This can have both direct economic benefits for the utility, but also benefits for the society and the environment by lower tariff levels, faster and cheaper connection of local environmentally friendly electricity production and less climate impact associated with component production and installation. This paper gives a brief introduction to the concept of dynamic rating applied to power systems. Furthermore, results and conclusions from two workshops during 2013 are summarized, where representatives from Vattenfall and Fortum (distribution system operators), ABB (producer and developer that work with dynamic rating solutions), Swedish national grid and several persons from the academia contributed. This was complemented by interviews with the involved companies. The result is a mapping of knowledge, research, development interests, current situation and future visions. All parties show a great interest and see potential, but there are also challenges to be solved.
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