Dynamic characterization and transport mechanisms of two inorganic membranes for nanofiltration

Sarrade, S.; Rios, G.M.; Carlès, M.

doi:10.1016/0376-7388(94)00158-u

Cited by 44 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the other two cases, the values are fairly consistent. This phenomenon has been found before [16,18], and seems to be caused by a too simple representation of the membrane structure.…”

Section: Membranementioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of phosphoric and hydrofluoric acid on the structure and permeation of a nanofiltration membrane

González

Saucedo

Navarro

et al. 2006

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…In the other two cases, the values are fairly consistent. This phenomenon has been found before [16,18], and seems to be caused by a too simple representation of the membrane structure.…”

Section: Membranementioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of phosphoric and hydrofluoric acid on the structure and permeation of a nanofiltration membrane

González

Saucedo

Navarro

et al. 2006

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…Ž . Sarrade et al 1994 also neglected diffusive transport in their Ž . study of inorganic NF membranes, and Rios et al 1996 were able to successfully develop their approach to describe the rejection of both single and multicomponent electrolytes.…”

Section: žmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linearized transport model for nanofiltration: Development and assessment

2002

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Finite difference linearization of pore concentration gradient in nanofiltration mem-( branes greatly simplifies the solution of a three-parameter model pore radius, mem-) brane charge, and pore dielectric constant for electrolyte rejection by remo®ing the requirement for numerical integration of the extended Nernst ᎐ Planck equation. The ®alidity of the linearized model is first experimentally tested by comparing with a rigorous characterization of the Desal-DK nanofiltration membrane, the linearized model closely agreeing with the numerical solution of the full model. In®estigation of pore concentration profiles showed the assumption of linearity to be ®alid o®er a wide range of nanofiltration conditions. The linearized model was also successfully extended to ternary electrolyte mixtures, highlighting its main ad®antage o®er analytic solutions. O®erall, the model is a powerful tool for characterization of nanofiltration membranes and subsequent prediction of separation performance. Computational demands are modest in terms of time and complexity. Introduction Ž .Nanofiltration NF is the most recently developed pressure-driven membrane process for liquid-phase separations. Ž The properties of NF membranes where pores are nominally . ;1 nm in dimension lie between those of nonporous re-Ž . verse-osmosis RO membranes and porous ultrafiltration Ž . UF membranes, solutes being separated by a combination of size, electrical, and dielectric mechanisms. NF membranes have been found to be extremely effective in the fractionation and selective removal of solutes from complex process streams. This development of NF technology as a viable process during the last decade has led to a marked increase in its adoption in a number of industries, such as treatment of Ž pulp-bleaching effluents from the textile industry Rosa and . de Pinho, 1995 , separation of pharmaceuticals from fermen-Ž . tation broths Tsuru et al., 1994 , demineralization in the dairy Ž . industry van der Horst et al., 1995 , metal recovery from Ž . Ž wastewater Fane et al., 1992 , and virus removal Hoffer et . al. 1995 .Almost all existing predictive models of NF separations employ an equilibrium partitioning expression to describe the distribution of ions at the pore inlet and outlet, with pore transport being described by the extended Nernst᎐Planck Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to W. R. Bowen. Ž equation Tsuru et al., 1991a;Wang et al., 1997;Combe et al., 1997;Bowen and Mohammad, 1998; Afonso and de Pinho, . 2000 . These models describe electrolyte rejection at a given Ž volume flux, J , in terms of three parameters effective pore ® radius, r , effective ratio of membrane thickness to porosity, p . ⌬ xrA , and effective membrane charge density, X . Solu-tion of the governing equations in these models requires nonlinear numerical methods because exact integral solutions of transport equations are extremely complex and do not readily yield quantitative explicit evaluation of permeate concentra-Ž . tions Schlogl, 1966 . This...

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“…where f and g are two correction factors that account for the wall effects, while S and S are steric factors de- This entire estimation method has already been applied to Ž the filtration of one single solute solution in the presence of . a reference molecule to characterize the fouled membrane ŽNakao and Kimura, 1981; Sarrade et al, 1994;Bullon et al, . 2000 .…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%