Durable flame‐retardant treatment of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and PET/cotton blend using dichlorotribromophenyl phosphate as new flame retardant for polyester

Abstract

Dichlorotribromophenyl phosphate (DCTBPP) was synthesized via the reaction of tribromophenol and phosphorous oxychloride and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H-NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. To impart durable flame retardancy the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric was treated with DCTBPP via pad-dry-thermosol fixation and the PET/cotton (50/50) blend fabric was treated with both DCTBPP and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC)/urea precondensate via a two-bath sequential treatment. The treated PET fabric's increased limiting oxygen index value was proportional to the increasing DCTBPP application level and showed self-extinguishing properties at 8.1% add-on, even after 50 washes. The blend fabric treated with 15% DCTBPP and 30% THPC/urea precondensate became self-extinguishable and durable to 50 washes, and the treated fabric retained over 85% of its breaking strength without excessive stiffness.

PET Fibers Modified with Cloisite Nanoclay

“…In order to evaluate the variations of crystallite sizes of PET, the Scherrer equation [39] was used. The crystallite sizes were calculated in the direction perpendicular to the (010), (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) and (100) planes, i.e., perpendicular to the PET molecular chain axis. The results are presented in Table 2.…”

“…The flame-retardant modification of PET fibers can be achieved in various ways. Most often, a properly ground (micro-or nano-) anti-pyrene is added to the polymer melt [2][3][4], but also a surface application of the flame retardant is employed during the impregnation process [5][6][7][8][9]. The chemical method is used less often.…”

A main‐chain phosphorus‐containing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) copolyester: synthesis, characterization, and flame retardance

“…Generally speaking, there are three methods for the flame retardance of synthetic fiber during the different preparation processes. For example, when the fiber has been synthesized or even made into woven or non‐woven fabrics, common practice is to coat or finish a flame‐retardant layer onto the fabrics to enhance its flame‐retardant properties, or to incorporate water‐soluble flame retardant in the outer layer of the hot soft fiber by passing through the flame‐retardant solution, which is so‐called “thermosol”. As the combination of the fabrics and the flame retardant is mainly physical, the flame retardant is not firmly attached and would be gradually washed off when used.…”

Preparation and thermal properties of polyethylene terephthalate/huntite–hydromagnesite composites

“…Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a well‐known semicrystalline polyester which has good mechanical and thermal properties, excellent chemical resistance as well as outstanding optical and barrier properties . Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has found a wide range of applications because of its excellent balance of properties and to the possibility to control the degree of crystallinity and the level of orientation.…”