Durability and Fire Performance of Charred Wood Siding (Shou Sugi Ban)

Hasburgh, Laura E.; Zelinka, Samuel L.; Bishell, Amy B.; Kirker, Grant T.

doi:10.3390/f12091262

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Similar results were reported by Kymäläinen et al [233] after torrefied wood and charcoal field storage experiments, where naturally occurring fungi were reported to colonize the material, despite soluble sugars mostly being depleted in the manufacturing process. Studies published on commercial [234] and contact heated samples [216] have been rather inconclusive, but wood species seems to affect the decay rate [234].…”

Section: Biodeterioration and Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Zelinka

Altgen

Emmerich

et al. 2022

Forests

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Wood modifications are becoming popular as a way to enhance the performance of wood, either to make it more durable, improve the performance of wood, or give it new functionality as a multifunctional or smart material. While wood modifications have been examined since the early 1900s, the topic has become a dominant area of study in wood science over the past decade. This review summarizes recent advances and provides future perspective on a selection of wood modifications, i.e., the methods that are currently commercialized (acetylation, furfurylation, and thermal modification), a rediscovered ancient practice (charring), a family of polymerization modifications that have so far made it to the pilot scale, and examples of novel wood-based functional materials explored at laboratory scale.

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Section: Biodeterioration and Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Zelinka

Altgen

Emmerich

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…This method is being rediscovered thanks to its intrinsic sustainability and design value. 145 Also relevant in the framework of increasing wood resistance against biological decay is the transition from the use of biocides to repellents. The chemicals used for modification need not be toxic as long as their action renders the substrate unrecognizable as a food source.…”

Section: Sustainability In Wood Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability in Wood Products: A New Perspective for Handling Natural Diversity

2022

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Wood is a renewable resource with excellent qualities and the potential to become a key element of a future bioeconomy. The increasing environmental awareness and drive to achieve sustainability is leading to a resurgence of research on wood materials. Nevertheless, the global climate changes and associated consequences will soon challenge the wood-value chains in several regions (e.g., central Europe). To cope with these challenges, it is necessary to rethink the current practice of wood sourcing and transformation. The goal of this review is to address the intrinsic natural diversity of wood, from its origin to its technological consequences for the present and future manufacturing of wood products. So far, industrial processes have been optimized to repress the variability of wood properties, enabling more efficient processing and production of reliable products. However, the need to preserve biodiversity and the impact of climate change on forests call for new wood processing techniques and green chemistry protocols for wood modification as enabling factors necessary for managing a more diverse wood provision in the future. This article discusses the past developments that have resulted in the current wood value chains and provides a perspective about how natural variability could be turned into an asset for making truly sustainable wood products. After briefly introducing the chemical and structural complexity of wood, the methods conventionally adopted for industrial homogenization and modification of wood are discussed in relation to their evolution toward increased sustainability. Finally, a perspective is given on technological potentials of machine learning techniques and of novel functional wood materials. Here the main message is that through a combination of sustainable forestry, adherence to green chemistry principles and adapted processes based on machine learning, the wood industry could not only overcome current challenges but also thrive in the near future despite the awaiting challenges.

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“…Surface charring of wood is a potentially cost-effective and low-maintenance option. This type of modification method (similar to the Japanese yakisugi) has seen a rise in popularity in recent years (Hasburgh et al 2021). It is a one-sided modification method that targets only the exposed surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural weathering of soft- and hardwoods modified by contact and flame charring methods

2022

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Exterior cladding boards benefit from a known service life that makes planning of maintenance and replacement procedures easier. Among the different wood modification methods, surface charring of wood is expected to increase the lifespan of wooden elements in building façades. This paper reports the properties of surface charred Norway spruce, Scots pine and Silver birch in Southern Finnish climate over a natural weathering period of one year. Several modifications were examined, namely variants of contact and flame charring. These also included oiled and brushed surfaces. The flame charred samples of spruce and birch withstood the weathering well, with some minor flaking and cracking. The thick pine samples cracked extensively regardless of modification, raising questions on suitable density and thickness of wood destined for a charring modification. Contact charring did not seem suitable for outside uses at least in direct sunlight, as the colors faded, and surfaces cracked within all examined groups. The spectroscopical methods employed also revealed degradation of contact charred wood lignin, whereas the flame charred surface consisted mostly of recalcitrant carbon structures rather inert towards weathering. This highlights the importance of sufficient structural degradation of wood components in creating a weathering resistant surface, and also shows that a thicker thermally modified layer does not necessarily improve the weatherability in contact charred wood.

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Durability and Fire Performance of Charred Wood Siding (Shou Sugi Ban)

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Review of Wood Modification and Wood Functionalization Technologies

Sustainability in Wood Products: A New Perspective for Handling Natural Diversity

Natural weathering of soft- and hardwoods modified by contact and flame charring methods

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