Dry Eye Syndrome in Subjects With Diabetes and Association With Neuropathy

Achtsidis, Vasilis; Eleftheriadou, Ioanna; Kozanidou, Eleftheria; Voumvourakis, Konstantine I.; Stamboulis, Eleftherios; Theodosiadis, Panos G.; Tentolouris, Nicholas

doi:10.2337/dc14-0860

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Diabetic eyes are at increased risk of dry eye, superficial punctate keratitis, recurrent corneal erosion syndrome and persistent epithelial defects. 20, 21 As the corneal epithelium is the first layer of the eye, it is constantly subjected to wear and tear and it needs to be constantly regenerated. Any process that affects wound healing or the speed of epithelial regeneration will have physiological impact and increases morbidity including ocular pain and redness.…”

Section: Cornea Epithelial Disease and Ocular Surface Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 The reduction of corneal innervation has been linked to abnormal tear function as well as more frequent and severe symptoms of dry eye in DM patients. 9, 21, 27, 43, 83, 84, 85, 86 These studies included those with or without previous surgical procedures such as LASIK and cataract surgeries. In one study, abnormal corneal innervation manifested as tear film dysfunction and debilitating, chronic irritation of the eye in type 1 but not in type 2 DM.…”

Section: Cornea Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review on the impact of diabetes mellitus on the ocular surface

2017

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Diabetes mellitus is associated with extensive morbidity and mortality in any human community. It is well understood that the burden of diabetes is attributed to chronic progressive damage in major end-organs, but it is underappreciated that the most superficial and transparent organ affected by diabetes is the cornea. Different corneal components (epithelium, nerves, immune cells and endothelium) underpin specific systemic complications of diabetes. Just as diabetic retinopathy is a marker of more generalized microvascular disease, corneal nerve changes can predict peripheral and autonomic neuropathy, providing a window of opportunity for early treatment. In addition, alterations of immune cells in corneas suggest an inflammatory component in diabetic complications. Furthermore, impaired corneal epithelial wound healing may also imply more widespread disease. The non-invasiveness and improvement in imaging technology facilitates the emergence of new screening tools. Systemic control of diabetes can improve ocular surface health, possibly aided by anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective agents.

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Section: Cornea Epithelial Disease and Ocular Surface Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cornea Neuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on the impact of diabetes mellitus on the ocular surface

2017

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“…An example is diabetes mellitus that affects retina, LG and corneal nerves and it is frequently associated with dry eye. 59–61 Some of the age-related co-morbidities alters ocular surface homeostasis secondary to the systemic or ocular therapies that are required to control the original morbidity and some of these medications may have secondary ocular drying effects. For example, anti-hypertensive, anti-histaminics and antidepressants are some of well-recognized classes of drugs that have a drying effect on the ocular surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aging in Dry Eye

Paiva

2017

International Ophthalmology Clinics

109

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Dry eye affects millions of people worldwide and causes eye well recognized risk factors for dry eye. Anatomical and inflammation-induced age-related changes affect all components of the lacrimal gland functional unit, inclusive of lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, meibomian gland and compromise ocular surface health. There is increased evidence that inflammation plays a role in dry eye. This review will summarize the current knowledge about aging and dry eye, inclusive of lessons learned from animal models and promising therapies.

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“…Diabetic PN is often associated with DED 68. Diabetic PN was shown to be associated with decrease in corneal nerve fiber density, which can lead to reduced corneal sensitivity 69.…”

Section: Association With Neurological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to corneal hypoesthesia associated with diabetic PN, patients are often asymptomatic even in the presence of serious ocular surface damage 71. Thus, periodic screening of the ocular surface and the retina is necessary for patients with diabetes mellitus for early detection and treatment of DED 68,71…”

Section: Association With Neurological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of dry eye disease with psychiatric or neurological disorders in elderly patients

Han

Yang²,

Hyon³

et al. 2017

CIA

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a common disease that can impair quality of life significantly. Its prevalence increases with advancing age, and the economic burden of the disease on both a patient and the society is increasing with elongation of life expectancy. The diagnosis and treatment of DED are often difficult due to the discordance between symptoms and signs of the disease. Recent studies have suggested the role of neurological or psychological factors in the development of dry eye symptoms and discrepancy of the symptoms and signs, particularly in elderly patients. In this review, the authors discuss the association of DED with various psychiatric and neurological disorders. In addition to psychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, stress, posttraumatic stress disorder and sleep disorders, medications for the psychiatric disorders have association with DED. Neurological disorders, such as neuropathic pain, chronic pain syndrome, peripheral neuropathy and several central nervous system disorders, are related to DED. Treatment of DED, combined with psychiatric or neurological disorders, is also discussed. Attention should be paid to the DED patients with discordant symptoms and signs, and unsatisfactory response to conventional treatment for associated psychiatric or neurological disorders, as well as an integrated treatment approach, could be helpful for these patients.

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Dry Eye Syndrome in Subjects With Diabetes and Association With Neuropathy

Cited by 64 publications

References 5 publications

A systematic review on the impact of diabetes mellitus on the ocular surface

A systematic review on the impact of diabetes mellitus on the ocular surface

Effects of Aging in Dry Eye

Association of dry eye disease with psychiatric or neurological disorders in elderly patients

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