Drought Stress Reaction of Growth and Δ13C in Tree Rings of European Beech and Norway Spruce in Monospecific Versus Mixed Stands Along a Precipitation Gradient

Schäfer, C.; Grams, Thorsten E. E.; Rötzer, Thomas; Feldermann, Aline; Pretzsch, Hans

doi:10.3390/f8060177

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The frequency and duration of drought periods are expected to increase in spring and summer in boreal conditions like elsewhere, especially under severe climate warming [24]. This may make the growing conditions sub-optimal, especially for Norway spruce and partially also for Scots pine, and more optimal for broadleaves (see e.g., [2,4,12,20,52,53]), which need to be considered when adapting management to climate change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of CMIP5 Projections on Volume Growth, Carbon Stock and Timber Yield in Managed Scots Pine, Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Stands under Southern and Northern Boreal Conditions

ALRahahleh

Kilpeläinen

Ikonen

et al. 2018

Forests

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We investigated how recent-generation (CMIP5) global climate model projections affect the volume growth, carbon stock, timber yield and its profitability in managed Scots pine, Norway spruce and Silver birch stands on medium fertile upland sites under southern and northern boreal conditions in Finland. Forest ecosystem model simulations were conducted for the current climate and changing climate, under two representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), using 10 individual global climate model (GCM) projections. In addition to the baseline thinning, we maintained either 20% higher or lower stocking in thinning over a 90-year period. In the south, the severe climate projections, such as HadGEM2-ES RCP8.5 and GFDL-CM3 RCP8.5, as opposed to MPI-ESM-MR RCP4.5, considerably decreased the volume growth, carbon stock and timber yield, as well as its profitability, in Norway spruce stands, but also partially in Scots pine stands, compared to the current climate. Silver birch gained the most from the climate change in the south and Scots pine in the north. The impacts of the thinning regime varied, depending on tree species, site and climate applied. Depending on the severity of the climate change, even opposing adaptive management measures may be needed in different boreal regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of CMIP5 Projections on Volume Growth, Carbon Stock and Timber Yield in Managed Scots Pine, Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Stands under Southern and Northern Boreal Conditions

ALRahahleh

Kilpeläinen

Ikonen

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…In the face of a changing climate, close-to-nature (CTN) forestry can contribute to increasing the resiliency of forest stands to natural disturbances such as pests, pathogens, windthrows, and drougths (Schütz et al 2006, Morrison et al 2014, Felton et al 2016, Schäfer et al 2017. The popularity of CTN and continuouscover forestry has been on the rise in German public forests and in several other European countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of New Silvicultural Trends on Mental Workload of Harvester Operators

Spinelli

Magagnotti²,

Labelle³

2020

Croat. j. for. eng. (Online)

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Close-to-nature (CTN) forestry offers many advantages, but makes management more complex and generally results in lower harvesting productivity and higher harvesting cost. While the higher harvesting cost of CTN is widely acknowledged, few ever consider the potential impact on operator workload, as the harvesting task becomes more complex. This study aimed to determine the mental workload of harvester operators under two silvicultural regimes: »pure conifer« stand and »mixwood« stand. In total, 13 harvester operators with varying experience levels were monitored for work performance and mental workload when operating a harvester simulator in two virtual stands designed according to the above-mentioned silvicultural regimes. Mental workload was assessed using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) interview method and heart rate variability measurements, during two 30-minute test sessions performed in the »pure conifer« and the »mixwood« stand, respectively. As expected, operating in a more diversified »mixwood« stand resulted in a marked productivity loss, estimated between 40 and 57%. The study also confirmed the increased aggravation of mental demand, effort and frustration experienced by the operators when passing from the »pure conifer« stand to the »mixwood« stand. Such increase in mental workload was independent of the age and experience of the operators. Results can be used to paint a more holistic picture of CTN forestry and its implications for harvester operators. Besides increasing the number of subjects being monitored, future studies should focus on live forest operations.

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“…The severe climate warming and associated increase in drought events may make the current growing conditions suboptimal for some tree species and more optimal for others (see e.g., Kellomäki et al 2008Kellomäki et al , 2018Allen et al 2010;Lindner et al 2010Lindner et al , 2014Kolström et al 2011;Granda et al 2013;Taeger et al 2013;Schäfer et al 2017). Currently, the growing conditions in southern Finland are near optimum, especially for Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.…”

Section: Impacts Of Forest Management and Climate Change On Finnish Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Henttonen et al (2015) found that the growth of Scots pine in Finland might also decrease under climate change, even at high northern latitudes. Additionally, in central Europe, especially Norway spruce will most likely suffer especially under changing climate (e.g., Hanewinckel et al 2013;Schäfer et al 2017).…”

Section: Effects Of Climate Change Projections On Volume Growth Carbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario analyses on the effects of forest management and CMIP5 climate projections on timber production and carbon stocks of upland boreal forests in Finland

ALRahahleh¹

2018

Diss. For.

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This study employed scenario analyses to evaluate the effects of forest management and different CMIP5 climate projections on timber production and carbon stocks of upland boreal forests in Finland. The forest ecosystem model simulations were conducted over a 90-year period from the stand to regional level by using both model stand data (Paper I) and national forest inventory data (Papers II-III). In simulations, it was employed data from the current climate and several CMIP5 projections (multi-model means and individual climate model runs) under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 forcing scenarios. More specifically, it was studied the impacts of different climate projections and thinning regimes (Papers I and III), tree species preferences in forest regeneration (Paper II) and forest conservation scenarios (Paper III) on volume growth, carbon stocks and timber production (Papers I-III), economic profitability (Paper I), and the amount of deadwood of forests (Paper III).The effects of different climate projections on volume growth, carbon stocks, timber production and its economic profitability and the amount of deadwood varied largely, depending on geographical region, tree species, and severity of climate change. The degree of differences in the responses of tree species and boreal regions increased with the severity of climate change (Papers I-III). Regardless of the tree species, the positive impacts of climate change were larger in the north. In the south, Silver birch benefitted most from the climate change projections and the most under severe climate change. This was unlike Norway spruce and also partially, Scots pine (Papers I-II). An increase in forest conservation area increased volume growth, carbon stock, and the amount of deadwood in forests, unlike timber production. Depending on boreal region, tree species, and severity of climate change, different adaptive forest management measures would be needed to utilize the positive impacts of climate change and to minimize harmful ones.

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Drought Stress Reaction of Growth and Δ13C in Tree Rings of European Beech and Norway Spruce in Monospecific Versus Mixed Stands Along a Precipitation Gradient

Cited by 26 publications

References 57 publications

Effects of CMIP5 Projections on Volume Growth, Carbon Stock and Timber Yield in Managed Scots Pine, Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Stands under Southern and Northern Boreal Conditions

Effects of CMIP5 Projections on Volume Growth, Carbon Stock and Timber Yield in Managed Scots Pine, Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Stands under Southern and Northern Boreal Conditions

The Effect of New Silvicultural Trends on Mental Workload of Harvester Operators

Scenario analyses on the effects of forest management and CMIP5 climate projections on timber production and carbon stocks of upland boreal forests in Finland

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