Doxycycline Intake and Distribution in the Body of Broiler Chickens With Ornithobacteriosis

Tyshkivska, A. M.; Dukhnytskyi, V. B.; Tyshkivskyi, M.; Tyshkivska, N.

doi:10.31548/ujvs2021.01.001

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Vitamin D plays a significant role in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body of animals. It is necessary for the assimilation of minerals from milk and feed, regulation of osteosynthesis, osteogenesis, embryonic development, and other vital processes (Vlizlo et al, 2007;Tyshkivska, 2008;Nelson et al, 2016). Lack of Vitamin D is one of the reasons for the increase in the death of young cattle and a decrease in productivity (Goff, 2008;Dittmer & Thompson, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical, clinical manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in calves

Ligomina,

Sokolyuk,

Sokulskyi

et al. 2023

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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Today, one of the priority tasks in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine is the creation of a highly productive, stable herd with a stable level of metabolism. A large load on the animal's body reveals high milk productivity; in connection with this, metabolic processes slow down, directly reducing milk productivity and requiring a balanced diet and high-quality feed. An increase in milk productivity is often directly related to metabolic disorders and the appearance of diseases, including the intensity of physiological and biochemical metabolic processes associated with converting a significant amount of energy and nutrients from feed into milk. Metabolic pathologies in animals can be caused by hereditary defects in the metabolism of nucleic acids, congenital insufficiency of enzymes responsible for the synthesis and breakdown of amino acids, disorders of organic acid metabolism, fatty acid deficiency, etc. Timely diagnosis of rickets and rapid therapy in the initial period is essential in treatment because the earlier the diagnosis is made, the easier it is to treat the disease. This will lead to the termination of the further destructive process, the occurrence of bone deformations, and changes in internal organs. The article deals with the issue of vitamin D deficiency in young cattle from a modern perspective. Materials on the classification, etiology, and pathogenesis of vitamin D-deficient rickets in calves are covered. The role of vitamin D in the prevention of rickets and its importance for general animal health and welfare are summarized. It is noted that this disease's characteristic feature is mainly the course's hidden stages. Clinical symptoms of D-hypovitaminosis appear in the late stages of the disease when restoring the animal's health is impossible. The essence of the pathology is a violation of mineralization of the organic matrix of bone tissues (D-hypovitaminosis) or osteolysis of already formed structures. The work aimed to find out the distribution, etiology, biochemical and clinical manifestation of D-hypovitaminosis in calves in one of the farms of the northern districts of Zhytomyr region, which belongs to the natural-geographical zone of Zhytomyr Polissia. The material for the study was clinically healthy calves and calves with rickets aged 1–3 months. The conditions of keeping and feeding animals on the farm were studied. Diagnosis and spread of D-hypovitaminosis among calves 1–3 months old were carried out with the help of clinical and unique methods; first, preference was given to laboratory studies. Clinical manifestations are described, and laboratory features of the course of vitamin D deficiency in animals are presented. It has been established that vitamin D deficiency in calves is quite widespread on the farm. Thus, the subclinical (hidden) course was registered in 45.8 % of animals and the clinical – in 24.1 %. The disease was more often registered in the winter-spring period. The leading cause of the disease in calves is insufficient motor activity (hypodynamia) in the absence of insolation, as well as a low level of feeding: reduced provision of cholecalciferol (25.8 %), violation of the calcium-phosphorus ratio (2.7–4.2:1 versus 1.5–2.0:1), deficiency of microelements – cobalt, zinc, copper, the provision of which was, respectively, 57.6, 85.6 and 96.2 % of the need. Pathognomotic manifestations of the disease in calves are licking, allotriophagia, thickening of carpal joints, partial resorption of the last ribs and tail vertebrae, and loose teeth. Vitamin D deficiency prevents the efficient absorption of calcium and phosphorus in feed. With vitamin D deficiency, only 10–15 % of feed calcium and 50–60 % of phosphorus are absorbed. The most informative laboratory markers for diagnosing pathology are determining cholecalciferol content, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity, and its bone isoenzyme in blood serum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical, clinical manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in calves

Ligomina,

Sokolyuk,

Sokulskyi

et al. 2023

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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“…Several studies indicated that viral diseases are the most common in industrial poultry farms ( Haji-Abdolvahab et al, 2019 ; Vishchur et al , 2020 ; Dukhnitskyi and Tyshkivska, 2021 ). A review article by Ike et al (2021) also focuses on significant economic losses in broiler and egg flocks due to the development of Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) due to the significant mortality of young birds and increased losses during rearing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of RT-PCR in the diagnosis and differentiation of vaccine strains of chicken infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease

Assanov,

Bazarbayev,

Mussoyev

et al. 2023

Open Vet J

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Background: Infectious diseases of young and adult birds with respiratory syndrome are a significant deterrent to the development of industrial poultry farming due to a decrease in productivity and significant mortality. The only effective method of combating viral diseases is timely and targeted vaccination, which largely depends on laboratory diagnostic results. Aim: The aim of this article is to study the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, which has the prospect of more effective diagnosis of vaccine strains of chicken infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease. Methods: The fastest and most accurate method for the differential diagnosis of pathogens in an associative viral infection is reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The method proposed in the article for selecting primers for amplification made it possible to use this method for the simultaneous interspecies differential diagnosis of two or more viral agents, which significantly accelerated their diagnosis. Results: The correlation of the nucleotide sequence obtained as a result of sequencing to a specific strain of the virus is complicated by the lack of a single nomenclature mechanism for separating genetic groups. Conclusion: The results of this study will allow easy and fast typing of sequences into known and databased virus strains, and avoid further confusion in the nomenclature of genetic groups in the future.

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Morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of broiler chickens with ornithobacteriosis, and for the use of Poledoxin and Tilmox 25%

Tyshkivska

Dukhnytskyi

Tyshkivsky

2021

Nauk. vìsn. vet. med.

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The article presents the results of studies of morphological and biochemical parameters of blood of broiler chickens KOBB-500, patients with ornithobacteriosis, who were not treated, and sick birds, for the treatment of which were used drugs "Poledoxin" (active substance - doxycycline hyclate) and "Tilmox 25%" (active substance - tilmicosin phosphate). Studies have shown that ornithobacteriosis in broiler chickens is characterized by erythrocytopenia, hypohemoglobinemia and decreased hematocrit. In the birds of the experimental groups, which in accordance with the treatment regimen used poledoxin and tilmox 25% erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content in the blood and hematocrit at 216 h of the experiment were higher than in the control: erythrocyte count - 19 and 36%, respectively; hemoglobin content - by 17% in poultry of both experimental groups; hematocrit - by 19 and 23%, respectively (p≤0.05). In the serum proteins of patients with ornithobacteriosis of broiler chickens of the control group was found dysproteinemia, in which at 216 h of the experiment there was a decrease in total protein and albumin by 12 and 34%, respectively. At the same time there was an increase in the content of globulins by 32%. The content of total protein and albumin in the serum of poultry 2 and 3 experimental groups increased and by 216 h exceeded the control index by 24 and 33% (p≤0.05), respectively, albumin - by 56% in poultry of both experimental groups. The content of globulins in the serum of poultry of the experimental groups for the period from 24 to 216 h of the experiment was in the range of 10.72 - 11.98 g / l, while in the control - 11.32 - 15.21 g / l. In the serum of broiler chickens of the control group for the period from 24 to 216 h increased the activity of alanine aminotransferase by 14%, while in the serum of poultry of experimental groups treated with poledoxin and tilmox 25% its activity decreased by 96, 120 and 216 h was probably less than in the control. Hypocalcemia was observed in the control group of broiler chickens ornithobacteriosis, whereas in the serum of poultry 2 and 3 experimental groups treated, the total calcium content in the period from 24 to 216 h was probably higher than in the control. Hypophosphatemia was observed in the control and 2 experimental birds (poledoxine), and the inorganic phosphorus content in their serum was 216 h lower than in the experimental group 3 birds (tilmox 25% was used) by 43 and 23%, respectively. Key words: doxycycline, tilmicosin, respiratory diseases of poultry, O. Rhinotracheale, antibiotics, bioavailability.

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Doxycycline Intake and Distribution in the Body of Broiler Chickens With Ornithobacteriosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Biochemical, clinical manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in calves

Biochemical, clinical manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in calves

The use of RT-PCR in the diagnosis and differentiation of vaccine strains of chicken infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease

Morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of broiler chickens with ornithobacteriosis, and for the use of Poledoxin and Tilmox 25%

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