Dose and Exposure Time-Dependent Renal and Hepatic Effects of Intraperitoneally Administered Fumonisin B1 in Rats

Abstract

Male Wistar rats were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with fumonisin B1 (FB1; 0, 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg dietary dose equivalent) for 5 and 10 days (n = 24–24 in each setting) to gain dose- and time-dependent effects on antioxidant status and oxidative stress response, clinical chemical endpoints and liver, kidney and lung histopathology and lymphocyte damage (genotoxicity). FB1 decreased feed intake, body weight gain and absolute liver weight, irrespective of the toxin dose. Relative kidney weight increased in the 10-day setting. Linear dose response was found for plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, urea and creatinine, and exposure time-dependence for plasma creatinine level. The latter was coupled with renal histopathological findings, tubular degeneration and necrosis and the detachment of tubular epithelial cells. The pronounced antioxidant response (reduced glutathione accretion, increasing glutathione peroxidase activity) referred to renal cortical response (5–10 days exposure at 50–100 ppm FB1). Hepatic alterations were moderate, referring to initial phase lipid peroxidation (exposure time dependent difference of conjugated diene and triene concentrations), and slight functional disturbance (↑ total cholesterol). Lymphocyte DNA damage was moderate, supporting a mild genotoxic effect of FB1.

The Effects of Mixed Fusarium Mycotoxins at EU-Permitted Feed Levels on Weaned Piglets’ Tissue Lipids

“…A 12.2 mg/kg diet for four weeks failed to induce the plasma creatinine level [ 45 ], whereas 6 and 8 mg FB/kg diets for five and four weeks, respectively, could elevate its concentration [ 21 , 52 ]. In contrast, a dose- and time-dependent increase at the creatinine level was shown in rats [ 53 ]. In our study, either creatinine clearance was lower in FB-fed animals (illustrated in male and female Swiss mice [ 54 ]), or its release into the plasma from the striated muscle was high.…”

Evaluation of the Individual and Combined Toxicity of Fumonisin Mycotoxins in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells

“…Once they are absorbed by humans and animals through the food chain, they will threaten human and animal health and cause serious economic losses [14]. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most prevalent member of fumonisin and causes diverse toxic effects in humans and domestic animals, including neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and carcinogenesis, resulting from oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis and alterations in cell proliferation and differentiation [15][16][17][18][19]. Ceramide synthase catalyzes the formation of ceramide from sphinganine and acyl-CoA as substrates.…”

Orally Administered Fumonisins Affect Porcine Red Cell Membrane Sodium Pump Activity and Lipid Profile without Apparent Oxidative Damage

“…Generally, FB 1 is responsible for the induction of either organ, or even body mass alterations. We have reported [14] that the liver mass decreased, kidney mass increased and BW increased due to 5 and 10 days of FB 1 exposure at 0, 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg dietary dose equivalent, though in other cases no alteration was found in rats [15]. Furthermore, in rabbits, liver mass was found to increase as a result of 10 mg FB 1 /kg diet exposure for 4 weeks [16].…”