Dor, alterações fisiológicas e analgesia nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de médio porte

Abstract

Dor, alterações fisiológicas e analgesia nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias de médio portePain, physiological alterations and analgesia in patients submitted to medium-sized surgeries Dolor, alteraciones fisiológicas y analgesia en pacientes sometidos a cirugías de mediana complejidad

Avaliação da dor pós-operatória sob a ótica do enfermeiro

“…9 It is essential for the effective evaluation of pain, the participation of the Nursing team, who develops daily activities at all shifts and, thus, is able to observe more fully the complaints and alterations presented by the patient to provide comprehensive, holistic and quality care. 6,10 Through an adequate evaluation concomitant to the measurement of pain, it is possible to establish efficient management and control with the formation of an individual plan that overcomes the damages caused by the pain problem. Therefore, the use of scales facilitates the assessment of pain and strengthens the contact between the professional and the patient.…”

“…Therefore, the use of scales facilitates the assessment of pain and strengthens the contact between the professional and the patient. 6 In a study carried out with 100 patients from a ward of a university hospital in the south of Minas Gerais, where there was permanent education and the applicability of a numerical pain scale, the evaluation of postoperative pain was carried out in an effective way, since 90 patients (90%) considered the excellent care and treatment of pain and ten patients (10%) evaluated the care as good.³ It is demonstrated that the main intervention performed for pain control, according to the DSC, is the prescribed medication, which corroborated a study carried out in Bogotá where nursing professionals use the prescribed medications as first choice and secondarily nonpharmacological interventions due to absence of standardization for both postoperative pain assessment and management. [14][15] It was proven, in another study conducted with physicians and nurses on their knowledge about this sign, that all (100%) had mastered pharmacological practice in pain relief, but in comparison to non-drug practices, only 37% 50%, respectively, reported having knowledge about distraction and relaxation practices in their improvement.…”

“…When allied pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments, there is a potentiation of positive results in relation to the improvement of pain and the comfort of the client. 6,9,12,15 It should be noted that pain treatment is a patient's right and should not be considered as merely an indicator of good clinical behavior or quality of care. As leader of the Nursing team, it is up to the nurses to apply the best form of evaluation, management and control of pain, being able to propose new instruments and according to the reality of the health institution to which it belongs.…”

“…Results indicate that pain control improves quality of life, satisfies the client and provides quality care given to patients. 2,[5][6]9 In this context, it is important to emphasize that Nursing plays a fundamental role in the recording and monitoring of pain by providing continuous and direct care to the patient for 24 hours, where it is necessary to develop studies that stimulate the measurement, analysis and correct recording of this signal that causes several disorders in the patient's quality of life. [9][10] It is pointed out that, for this, there are one-dimensional and multidimensional evaluation methods, the one-dimensional scales being those that have the capacity to measure the intensity of pain through a numeric or qualitative value, and the multidimensional ones evaluate it through several aspects and all dimensions of the patient.…”

Ansiedade e intensidade da experiência dolorosa no perioperatório de cirurgia cardíaca / Anxiety and intensity of the painful experience in perioperative cardiac surgery

“…Dentre as condições que podem afetar a recuperação do indivíduo, a dor merece destaque especial 7,13 . O controle da dor no pósoperatório evita sofrimento e proporciona maior satisfação do paciente com o atendimento e reduz os custos relacionados a possíveis complicações, que determinam maiores períodos de internação 14 .…”