DOHaD : conséquences à long terme de la pathologie périnatale

Psychomotor Development of Low Birth Weight Infants at the “Mère-Enfant” University Hospital Centre (UHC) of Libreville

“…Low birth weight is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as birth weight below 2500 g, regardless of gestational age [1] and generally applies only to live births [2]. This is not to be confused with intra-uterine growth retardation which is defined as a birth weight below the 10 th percentile of the reference curves [3]. This weight limit has been used for nearly a century [4] and categorizes neonates into low birth weight where the low birth is between 1500 g and <2500 g; very low birth weight with birth weight between 1000 g and <1500 g and extremely low birth weight defined by a birth weight <1000 g [5].…”

“…Birth weight is an easily accessible measure, particularly in a low-resource milieu, it is a key indicator of newborn health and a major factor in neonatal morbidity and mortality [2] [6]. Low birth weight may be secondary to preterm delivery, intra-uterine growth retardation, or a combination of both conditions [3]. According to Barros et al, each of these conditions contributes about half to the occurrence of low birth weight [7].…”

“…This category of newborns is 20 times more likely to die than those with normal birth weight [4]. In addition, they also present a higher risk of morbidity, delayed growth during childhood, poor cognitive development, as well as the occurrence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes in adulthood [3] [9] [10]. Early detection and management would improve the prognosis of these newborns [11].…”

A Obra Prima: a arte de cuidar no início da vida

“…According to the concept of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DoHaD), the early life environment exerts a modulatory role in gene expression, establishing as metabolic and neuronal pathways will respond in adulthood (Simeoni et al, 2018). Thus, modification in nutrition, hormones levels, or stressful life events during pregnancy, lactation, and early infancy can determine the risk of developing chronic diseases from childhood to adulthood (Storme et al, 2016). In this regard, prematurity is an event that alters a critical period of development having implications for a long-term health state (Crump, 2020).…”

Les stress pendant les 1 000 premiers jours de la vie quand tout commence

“…De nombreuses recherches récentes étayent la théorie de l'origine développementale de la santé et des maladies (DOHaD, pour developmental origin of health and disease) physiques, psychiques ou comportementales. Les bases biologiques de la DOHaD incluent des modifications épigé-nétiques induites par les aléas de l'environnement, particulièrement au cours du développement pré-et postnatal humain [1][2][3]…”