Dogs Large and Small: The Allometry of Energy Requirements within a Single Species

Burger, I. H.; Johnson, Janel V.

doi:10.1093/jn/121.suppl_11.s18

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The resting energy requirement (RER) would be the best baseline from which to estimate requirements, but it is not available for MW. For dogs, Burger and Johnson (1991), report that resting energy expenditure (REE) is 678 × M 0.64 kJ/d, which for MW would be 1,205 kcal/d, or near the low end given by Barboza et al (1994), of 501 kJ × kg 0.75 or 1,297 kcal. The nutrient requirements of dogs are similar to those of MW (Barboza et al, 1994).…”

Section: Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maned Wolves of Noel Kempff Mercado National Park

Emmons¹

2012

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology

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Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o z o o l o g y • n u m b e r 6 3 9The Maned Wolves of Noel Kempff Mercado National Park Edited by Louise H. Emmons SerieS PublicationS of the SmithSonian inStitutionEmphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world.Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affiliation with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. General requirements for manuscript preparation are on the inside back cover of printed volumes. For detailed submissions requirements and to review the "Manuscript Preparation and Style Guide for Authors," visit the Submissions page at www.scholarlypress.si.edu. s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o z o o l o g y • n u m b e r 6 3 9The Maned Wolves of Noel Kempff Mercado National Park Chrysocyon brachyurus) for 10 years in Cerrado habitat of Noel Kempff National Park, Bolivia. Most data were collected by GPS-collar technology, which yielded over 37,000 locations in 27 collar deployments on 10 individuals. The eight chapters introduce the study area and methods (1) and describe daily and seasonal activity (2); movements and ranges (3); diet and energetics (4); social interactions and reproduction (5); disease exposure, morbidity and mortality (6); maned wolf conservation (7); and finally, we synthesize the results in an overview of maned wolf behavioral ecology, with hypotheses about the unique form and function of this atypical canid (8). Activity was temperature related and sharply nocturnal in the dry season but partly diurnal in the rainy season. Adult home ranges were 40-123 km 2 , with strong seasonal variations in land use. Maned wolves averaged 14 km/night travel in dry months and 7 km/night during wet months. Breeding pairs shared territories with contiguous borders, which did not overlap with neighboring pairs. Young females twice stayed until adulthood on natal territories, as presumed helpers, and a...

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Section: Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maned Wolves of Noel Kempff Mercado National Park

Emmons¹

2012

Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology

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“…At present, the dog breeds may differ as much as 68 kg in body mass (Case 2005), i.e. the differences may be 100fold (Burger and Johnson 1991). Aim-specific selection of dogs continues in attempts to standardise modern breeds of dogs (Clutton-Brock 1995;Hart 1995;Willis 1995;Lindsay 2000;Coppinger and Coppinger 2001;Case 2005;Svartberg 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Size and Behaviour Traits of Dogs in Czech Households

Baranyiová

Holub²,

Tyrlík

2009

Acta Vet. Brno

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The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of body size of dogs on their coexistence with humans in Czech households. For this purpose we used questionnaire data on 246 dogs indicating the breed. The dogs were divided into five body size groups, i.e. toy (T, up to 5 kg body mass, n = 32), small (S, 5 -10 kg body mass, n = 52), medium size (M, 10 -17 kg body mass, n = 39), large (L, 17 -33 kg body mass, n = 70), giant (G, over 33 kg body mass, n = 53). The largest dogs surpassed the body mass of the smallest dogs at least seven times, and giant dogs weighed at least one half and toy dogs less than one tenth of the average body mass of people in the Czech human population. Despite this the majority of the studied traits regardless of body mass of the dogs showed no significant differences. In the vast majority of Czech households all dogs were considered household members, taken on travels or vacations, photographed and their birthdays were celebrated. Aggressiveness of the dogs did not correlate with their body size.Among the 84 traits of the behaviour of dogs and their owners, which were analysed, only 23, i.e. 27.4% traits were significantly related to their body mass. Larger and heavier dogs were more frequently kept in houses with yards and gardens, in rural environments. Toy and small dogs prevailed in urbanised environments, in apartments. They were allowed to use furniture, sleep in beds of household members. Moreover, toy dogs predominated in one-person households.Large dogs were more often trained, sometimes by professional trainers, obeyed commands better and were more often described as obedient. They were considered not only as companions but also as working dogs. Giant size dogs were also more often trained to be protective.These data show that the differences in the body size of dogs modified their co-existence with humans only to a limited extent.

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“…"Spontaneous activity" is meant as the activity performed by an animal in its environment (this includes activities induced by such external stimuli as noises, presence/awareness of people, other animals and things). If NRC data (1973) obtained for dogs kept in different kennels are compared with those of Burger and Johnson (1991), obtained under very different conditions, it can be noted that these data fall in a very narrow range if spontaneous activity is considered. On the contrary, if this variable is not considered, values are very different and closer to Manner's results (1991), obtained under low activity conditions.…”

Section: Maintenance Energy Requirements Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%