Dog Nutrient Requirements: New Knowledge

Mussa, Pier Paolo; Prola, Liviana

doi:10.1007/s11259-005-0008-2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the Nilgiris, more pregnancies were associated with stable and moderate increases in temperature during the influence period of 57-100 days before conception and fewer pregnancies were associated with decreases or greater increases in temperature (>3C difference). This might indicate that stable ambient temperatures are more favourable conditions for pregnancies in this region, avoiding lower temperatures which may place greater metabolic demand on the dogs (Mussa and Prola, 2005;Schäfer and Hankel, 2020). A similar effect of fewer pregnancies in times of relatively more extreme climatic conditions was reported in stray dogs in Mexico, where pregnancies were most likely in the warm-humid season compared to the warm-dry or fresh-humid seasons (Ortega-Pacheco et al, 2007), and extreme temperatures have been shown to alter timing of reproduction in other mammals (Bronson, 1985;Rödel et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of reproduction and association with environmental factors in female free-roaming dogs in southern India

Fielding

Gibson

Gamble

et al. 2021

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of reproduction and association with environmental factors in female free-roaming dogs in southern India

Fielding

Gibson

Gamble

et al. 2021

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…Largely due to the insulative properties of their coats decreasing thermoregulatory energy expenditure at low environmental temperatures, the maintenance energy requirements of Siberian huskies are similar to or even lower than many other breeds ( 1 , 2 ). However, as level of exercise and energy expenditure are positively associated ( 3 ), the requirement for dietary energy will increase as exercise increases in duration and intensity ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SE, standard error of the mean; n = 15 for weeks 2 and 5; n = 13 for week 11 2. Any fatty acid(s) not detected within the specific fraction were removed from the table 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

et al. 2021

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Although emerging data suggests a greater influence of gluconeogenic precursors, endurance sled dogs have long appeared to rely heavily on fatty acid oxidation for sustained energy production. However, much of the research investigating lipid utilization during exercise in sled dogs has been carried out with dogs subjected to extended bouts of endurance exercise. Less is known about changes in fatty acid composition in endurance training sled dogs subjected to short bouts of exercise, and fewer data define how fatty acid composition may change in distinct lipid fractions. As such, the study objective was to assess whether short bouts of submaximal exercise would affect fatty acid profiles of serum lipid fractions in endurance training sled dogs. Fifteen privately-owned Siberian huskies were used (8 females: 4 intact, 4 spayed; 7 males: 2 intact, 5 neutered), with an average age of 4.6 ± 2.5 years and body weight of 24.8 ± 4.2 kg. Throughout the diet acclimation and remainder of the study, all dogs were fed a dry extruded diet that met or exceeded all AAFCO nutrient recommendations. Dogs were weighed weekly and fed to maintain baseline body weight. A 12-week exercise regimen was designed to incorporate weekly increases in running distance, but weather played a role in setting the daily distance. On weeks 2, 5, and 11, an exercise challenge was implemented whereby dogs would run 4 km at 15 km/h in teams of 4. Pre- and post-exercise blood samples were taken, and gas chromatography was used to evaluate fatty acid profiles of all identified serum lipid fractions (cholesterol ester, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, phospholipids, triglyceride). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS, with dog as a random effect and week and sampling time point as fixed effects. Composition of oleic (18:1n9), linoleic (18:2n6), and alpha-linolenic (18:3n3) acids in the free fatty acid fraction decreased by ~9, 10, and 60%, respectively, following exercise (P ≤ 0.05). The results presented herein suggest that aside from a degree of depletion of these 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acids, short bouts of submaximal exercise do not induce considerable changes to sled dog fatty acid profiles.

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Energy metabolism of Inuit sled dogs

et al. 2009

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We explored how seasonal changes in temperature, exercise and food supply affected energy metabolism and heart rate of Inuit dogs in Greenland. Using open flow respirometry, doubly labeled water, and heart rate recording, we measured metabolic rates of the same dogs at two different locations: at one location the dogs were fed with high energy food throughout the year while at the other location they were fed with low energy food during summer. Our key questions were: is resting metabolic rate (RMR) increased during the winter season when dogs are working? Does feeding regime affect RMR during summer? What is the proportion of metabolic rate (MR) devoted to specific dynamic action (SDA), and what is the metabolic scope of working Inuit sled dogs? The Inuit dogs had an extremely wide thermoneutral zone extending down to -25 degrees C. Temperature changes between summer and winter did not affect RMR, thus summer fasting periods were defined as baseline RMR. Relative to this baseline, summer MR was upregulated in the group of dogs receiving low energy food, whereas heart rate was downregulated. However, during food digestion, both MR and HR were twice their respective baseline values. A continuously elevated MR was observed during winter. Because temperature effects were excluded and because there were also no effects of training, we attribute winter elevated MR to SDA because of the continuous food supply. Working MR during winter was 7.9 times the MR of resting dogs in winter, or 12.2 times baseline MR.

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Dog Nutrient Requirements: New Knowledge

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Timing of reproduction and association with environmental factors in female free-roaming dogs in southern India

Timing of reproduction and association with environmental factors in female free-roaming dogs in southern India

Fatty Acid Profiles of Serum Lipid Fractions Change Minimally in Sled Dogs Before and After Short Bouts of Exercise

Energy metabolism of Inuit sled dogs

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