“…Such reactions include protein isomerization, folding/unfolding and prot e i n -p r o t e i n i n t e r a c t i o n s ( C h e b o t a r e v a 2 0 0 7 ; Chebotareva et al 2001Chebotareva et al , 2004Chebotareva et al , 2010Chebotareva et al , 2013Chebotareva et al , 2015aEllis 2001;Ellis and Minton 2003;Gruebele et al 2016;Hall and Minton 2003;Kurganov and Chebotareva 2013;Kuznetsova et al 2014;Minton 2001;Roman et al 2011Roman et al , 2016Sluchanko et al 2015;Wills and Winzor 2011;Zhou et al 2008). Macromolecules (proteins, polysaccharides, neutral polymers) as well as low-molecular-weight compounds (for example, osmolytes) can be used in model experiments as crowding agents (Chebotareva et al 2001(Chebotareva et al , 2004Davis-Searles et al 2001;Ellis 2001;Jiao et al 2010;Roman et al 2011;Sluchanko et al 2015).…”