Does supplementation of vitamin C, reduced glutathione or their association in semen extender reduce oxidative stress in bovine frozen semen?

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of vitamin C, reduced glutathione and the association thereof to the bovine semen cryopreservation extender. The ejaculate from nine bulls were divided into four fractions, each corresponding to a treatment, namely: control group-semen diluted with Tris-yolk extender; vitamin C group-semen diluted in Tris-yolk extender supplemented with vitamin C (2.5mmol/mL); glutathione group-semen diluted in Tris-yolk extender supplemented with reduced glutathione (2.5mmol/mL) and associated group-semen diluted in Tris-yolk extender supplemented with vitamin C (1.25mmol/mL) and reduced glutathione (1.25mmol/mL). Afterwards, the semen was packed into French straws and submitted to cryopreservation using automated equipment. After cryopreservation, the semen was thawed and evaluated considering sperm motility, morphology, plasma membrane, acrosome, mitochondrial potential and oxidative stress, as well as the thermo resistance test. Extender’s supplementation with the association of vitamin C and reduced glutathione showed benefic effects on sperm motility and preservation of plasma and acrosomal membranes during semen cryopreservation, being also the group that showed higher values of reactive oxygen species. Thus, the association of both antioxidants contributed to the preservation of sperm cells in every analyzed characteristic, suggesting its use on bovine semen cryopreservation.

The Effect of Adding Different Levels of Curcumin and Its Nanoparticles to Extender on Post-Thaw Quality of Cryopreserved Rabbit Sperm

“…During cryopreservation, spermatozoa are exposed to various stress which eventually leads to decreasing of the fertilizing capability of sperm. Hence, several records have engrossed on improving sperm quality and reducing the negative impacts of OS by adding of antioxidants [ 17 ] and nanoparticles [ 7 , 11 , 13 , 18 ], but no reports were conducted to use the curcumin nanoparticles in cryopreserved rabbit semen. It is well accepted that if the particles have low zeta potential values, then there will be no force to avoid the particles pending flocculating and together.…”

“…In light of this, several reports indicated that cryopreservation induced alteration in DNA integrity, lipid peroxidation, ROS, cholesterol content, capacitation [ 34 ], and acrosome reaction in spermatozoa and resulted in failure male fertility potential [ 5 , 7 , 17 ]. However, it has been reported that curcumin has a protective effect on DNA damage, normal development of testicular tissue and avoidance of spermatogenic cell apoptosis [ 12 , 15 , 18 ].…”

“…In line with our results, Zhang et al [ 36 ] described that the level of the lipid peroxidation was significantly decreased in leucocytospermic patients treated with curcumin. Previous studies have shown that the supplementation of CU to Tris-yolk fructose extender significantly ( p < 0.05) improved the viability and reduced ( p < 0.05) percentages of necrotic and apoptotic sperm in frozen/thawed semen [ 17 , 18 , 40 ]. In sheep, it was found that dietary curcumin addition linearly repressed testicular apoptosis with augmented the expression of BCL and reduced the expression caspase-3 ( p < 0.05) in testicular tissues [ 41 ].…”

“…It was confirmed that the bioavailability and absorption of some drugs were considerably improved when managed by nanoparticles [ 11 ]. Reports exhibited that the use of nanoparticles can enhance semen quality and freezability by decreasing the OS and protection the spermatozoa from cryo-damage [ 7 , 11 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Although, several previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin nanoparticles (CUNPs) could improve sperm kinetics, motion characteristics and testis function subjected to the induced OS in cryopreserved spermatozoa of different mammalian species [ 12 , 15 , 18 , 19 ]; however, no previous report explore the protective role of CUNPs in cryopreserved rabbit semen.…”

Using Bee Bread Extract as Natural Source of Energy, Antibiotics and Antioxidants Instead of Synthetic Sources During Freezing Steps of Ram Semen Extender

“…Also, Zakošek et al (2021) had shown that enrichment of a sperm extender with calcium (Ca ++ ) to raise sperm quality posthawing and consequently improves fertility by decreasing cryopreservation-induced sperm damage. In addition, Pinto et al (2020) extender's supplementation with Vitamin C has shown positive impacts on sperm motility and preservation of plasma and acrosomal membranes throughout semen cryopreservation. Also, Espina-Ávila et al (2021) reported that Adding vitamins immediately to semen extenders enhanced the properties of the semen after thawing.…”