Does Dairy Liquid Manure Complementary to Mineral Fertilization Increase Grain Yield Due to Changes in Soil Fertility?

Soil legacy phosphorus after 10 years of annual dairy liquid manure application in a no‐tillage system

“…The amount of P lost by runoff was very small in our case, with an average of 0.09% and 0.07% of the total applied P in a sandy and a clayey Oxisol, respectively. The limited recovery rate in our study can be explained by the large P adsorption capacity of our soils, mainly clayey Oxisol, accumulating P in less labile fractions; and the P movement to layers below 15 cm, on account of the better drainage capacity combined with a greater degree of P saturation in the upper layers as well as to the presence of preferential channels that are common in no‐tillage areas (Abboud et al, 2018; Barth et al, 2020; Choudhary et al, 2018).…”

“…The accumulated grain yields in the sandy and clayey Oxisols were, respectively: 85,989 and 86,008 kg ha −1 from an application of 0 m 3 ha −1 year −1 ; 91,742 and 92,358 kg ha −1 from an application of 60 m 3 ha −1 year −1 ; 95,829 and 96,324 kg ha −1 from an application of 120 m 3 ha −1 year −1 ; and 93,232 and 95,994 kg ha −1 from an application of 180 m 3 ha −1 year −1 . More details about grain yield can be found in Barth et al (2021) for the sandy Oxisol, and Barth et al (2020) for the clayey Oxisol.…”

“…The soil organic carbon contents (0–10 cm) after 10 years of DLM applied consecutively were: 14.4, 16.2, 18.0 and 24.9 g dm −3 in the sandy Oxisol (Barth et al, 2021), and 30.0, 30.3, 33.2 and 33.5 g dm −3 in the clayey Oxisol (Barth et al, 2020) from an application of 0, 60, 120 and 180 m 3 ha −1 year −1 of DLM, respectively. Total P (0–10 cm) was approximately 300 and 600 mg kg −1 in sandy Oxisol, and 700 and 1000 mg kg −1 in clayey Oxisol, for the 0 and 180 m 3 ha −1 year −1 applications of DLM, respectively (Abboud et al, 2018).…”

“…The mean P content in the grains was obtained from data spanning several crop seasons, and was very similar to what can be found in the literature (Nepar, 2019), presenting means of 4.3 g kg −1 for soybean, 2.9 g kg −1 for maize, and 3.2 g kg −1 for wheat. Crop grain yield data are presented in Barth et al (2020, 2021) for sandy and clayey Oxisols, respectively. P lost by runoff as total P was estimated using the data of soluble P losses by surface runoff during the entire period (2005–2015) (Favaretto et al, 2022) and the available data of the proportions between soluble P and particulate P lost from the first 2 years of the experimental period. The proportions were: 51% of soluble P and 49% of particulate P in the sandy Oxisol, independent of the DLM application (Silveira, 2009).…”

Repeated Manure Application for Eleven Years Stimulates Enzymatic Activities and Improves Soil Attributes in a Typic Hapludalf

“…Recently, several meta-analyses have emphasized the benefits of animal manure application on crop yields and chemical, physical and biological soil attributes [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Animal manure of many kinds are expected to improve soil quality and crop yields on organic production systems, where mineral fertilizers are avoided, but also in intensive agricultural production systems [14][15][16][17][18].…”