Repeated Manure Application for Eleven Years Stimulates Enzymatic Activities and Improves Soil Attributes in a Typic Hapludalf

Abstract

Animal manure may be a valuable resource for the development of agricultural sustainability. We proposed to verify the feasibility of applications of three types of animal manures to improve soil attributes and to sustain crop yields under intensive cropping and no-tillage systems. The field experiment was established in 2004 on Typic Hapludalf soil with pig slurry (PS), cattle slurry (CS), pig deep-litter (PL), mineral fertilizer (MF) and a non-fertilized treatment. From 2004 to 2015, were grown black oat, maize, forage turnip, black beans, and wheat. Soil samples were taken after winter 2014 and summer 2015, and submitted to chemical, physical, microbiological and biochemical analyses. Animal manures increased soil pH, but MF caused acidification of soil. The PL and CS applications reduced soil density, and increased total pore volume and hydraulic conductivity. Animal manures increased soil P fractions, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, stimulated soil respiration, and had higher activities of glucosidase and acid phosphatase. Wheat had its biggest dry matter and grain yields with MF, but maize grain yields with CS were higher than MF. All indicators pointed that application of animal manure converges to an interesting strategy to recycle nutrients at farmyard level and to contribute to global sustainability.

Physical, chemical and microbiological soil attributes influence soil greenhouse gases fluxes in Atlantic Forest and pine (Pinus taeda) plantations in Brazil

“…Meanwhile, the pine plantations produced organic residues that form more lignin‐rich SOM, which is more recalcitrant to microbial degradation; and pine plantations may also have exuded compounds such as terpenes that inhibited the activity of soil microorganisms (Bini et al, 2013; Dietz et al, 2020; Olsson et al, 2019; Veloso et al, 2018; Xu et al, 2020). For example, differences in SOM between native forests and pine plantations (in Telêmaco Borba; Table 2) may have contributed to increase the values of soil microbiological attributes, such as the qCO 2 , BR, and urease and β‐glucosidase activities in the native forest of Telêmaco Borba (Table 4) since C availability often limits soil micro‐organism's growth (Anzalone et al, 2020; Ferreira et al, 2021; Lazeris et al, 2021).…”

Phosphorus Balance in Sandy Soil Subjected to 12 Years of Successive Applications of Animal Manure and Mineral Phosphate Fertilizer in Subtropical Climate

“…The grain yield data obtained for corn, beans, and wheat over the years showed the increase in productivity achieved through applications of CS, PS, and PD. The improvement in soil nutrient availability demonstrates the potential of using animal manure as a source of fertilizer [13,58]. However, ongoing monitoring of critical soil P levels is essential.…”

Long‐term organic management: Mitigating land use intensity drawbacks and enhancing soil microbial redundancy

“…Soils under organic farming systems usually exhibit better quality and higher biological activity than conventional farming systems (Krause et al., 2022). The soil manuring considerably stimulates microbial biomass and activity by improving soil chemico‐physical properties and supplying easily assimilable C and nitrogen (N) sources (Ferreira et al., 2021; Ren et al., 2019). Generally, organic management of agricultural soils, that is, the addition of organic fertilizers, also promotes the organic matter accumulation by enhancing the C pools with slower turnover times (Badalucco et al., 2010; Laudicina et al., 2011).…”