Does anti‐hepatitis <scp>B</scp> virus vaccine make any difference in long‐term number of liver transplantation?

Chaib, Eleazar; Coimbra, Brian Guilherme Monteiro Marta; Galvão, Flávio Henrique Ferreira; Tatebe, Eduardo Ryoiti; Shinzato, Myris Satiko; D’Albuquerque, Luiz Augusto Carneiro; Massad, Eduardo

doi:10.1111/ctr.12030

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Despite availability of a vaccine and antiviral treatment, HBV infection is still a major health problem causing considerable morbidity and mortality [4][5][6]. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates the burden of HBV infection to be approximately 2 billion, >350 million chronically infected with HBV, and 500,000-700,000 patients die annually as a result of HBV-related liver disease, such as liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, or hepatocellular carcinoma, with most of these deaths in developing countries [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women in Arab and African countries

Gasim

Murad

Adam

2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The epidemiology of viral hepatitis during pregnancy is of paramount importance for health planners and program managers. Data on viral hepatitis during pregnancy are not readily available in many African and Arab countries. Both regions have their own unique geography, and comprise over 59 states with crossover and interaction of different cultures. Methodology: A systematic electronic search of the published literature was conducted and data on epidemiology and risk factors of maternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis C (HCV) infection in Arab and African countries were extracted from relevant studies. Results: The serology of hepatitis viruses varies greatly among these countries, with different viral genotype patterns. Such a variation in prevalence could be explained by the different risk factors involved. Sexual contact, perinatal infection, blood and its derivatives, hemodialysis, intravenous and percutaneous drug use, and occupational, habitual, and social behavior have been identified as risk factors for hepatitis transmission in various settings in these countries. Conclusions: Infection from hepatitis B and C viruses imposes major socioeconomic and even political burdens on such young and dynamic societies. Thus strategies and clear policies of intervention are required to combat the consequences of hepatitis B and C at both the regional and national levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women in Arab and African countries

Gasim

Murad

Adam

2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Despite the availability of vaccines and other forms of therapy, HBV still constitutes a nuisance to public health (Harkisoen et al, 2012;Chaiba et al, 2012). This was contained in a WHO report which estimated the global burden of HBV infection to be approximately 2 billion with more than 17.5% of this burden developed chronic infection and mortality rate between 0.025-0.035% annually; most of which occur in developing countries Jibrin et al, 2016) Hepatitis C virus which belongs to the family Flaviviridae is a single-stranded RNA virus reported to have infected about 170 million people globally with a mortality rate of about 0.21% (Hahne et al, 2013;Esan et al, 2014;Onwuliri et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV Co-infection among Pregnant Women Accessing Primary Health Care (PHC) Maternity of Lamurde, Mubi-South, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Tula¹,

Wafari²

2022

AJBAR

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The epidemiology of viral hepatitis among pregnant women is of paramount significance in policy and decision making and the provision of effective and adequate antenatal care, especially in the grassroots health care facilities like that of our study area. This study is cross-sectional hospital-based research aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV among pregnant women accessing PHC maternity in Lamurde, Mubi for antenatal care. Blood samples from all the 100 consenting pregnant women were screened for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies using rapid diagnostic kits. A total of 11(11.0%) of the pregnant women tested were seropositive for HBsAg and none 0.0(0.0%) of the participants tested were seropositive for anti-HCV. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity was highest in the age group 26-30yrs (17.4%) and least in the age group 16-20yrs (3.4%). However, no single case of HBsAg and or anti-HCV was recorded in the age groups 31-35. Most of the participants (55.0%) in this study were those without formal education. The highest (18.5%) prevalence rate of HBsAg was reported among pregnant women with secondary education, closely followed by pregnant women with primary education (18.2%). The association between educational status and infection with hepatitis B virus (OR =3.75, 95% CI = 0.931-15.08) showed that the odds were 3.75 times higher that pregnant women with formal education will be infected with HBV when compare with pregnant women with no formal education, but with no statistical difference. In view of the above result and the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis viruses, there is a need to institute compulsory routine screening for these viruses for all pregnant women attending antenatal care in Mubi

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“…Liver failure occurs when large parts of the liver become damaged beyond repair and the liver is no longer able to function. It may be caused by infections, toxic substances, inherited diseases or malnutrition [ 3 ]. The chronic aggression of liver tissue by one of the causes of liver failure can end up in primary hepatocellular carcinoma, a deadly condition to which liver transplantation is the only option, with variable success rate of a close to normal life after the surgery [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model for optimizing the indications of liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Chaib

Amaku

Coutinho

et al. 2013

Theor Biol Med Model

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BackgroundThe criteria for organ sharing has developed a system that prioritizes liver transplantation (LT) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have the highest risk of wait-list mortality. In some countries this model allows patients only within the Milan Criteria (MC, defined by the presence of a single nodule up to 5 cm, up to three nodules none larger than 3 cm, with no evidence of extrahepatic spread or macrovascular invasion) to be evaluated for liver transplantation. This police implies that some patients with HCC slightly more advanced than those allowed by the current strict selection criteria will be excluded, even though LT for these patients might be associated with acceptable long-term outcomes.MethodsWe propose a mathematical approach to study the consequences of relaxing the MC for patients with HCC that do not comply with the current rules for inclusion in the transplantation candidate list. We consider overall 5-years survival rates compatible with the ones reported in the literature. We calculate the best strategy that would minimize the total mortality of the affected population, that is, the total number of people in both groups of HCC patients that die after 5 years of the implementation of the strategy, either by post-transplantation death or by death due to the basic HCC. We illustrate the above analysis with a simulation of a theoretical population of 1,500 HCC patients with tumor size exponentially. The parameter λ obtained from the literature was equal to 0.3. As the total number of patients in these real samples was 327 patients, this implied in an average size of 3.3 cm and a 95% confidence interval of [2.9; 3.7]. The total number of available livers to be grafted was assumed to be 500.ResultsWith 1500 patients in the waiting list and 500 grafts available we simulated the total number of deaths in both transplanted and non-transplanted HCC patients after 5 years as a function of the tumor size of transplanted patients. The total number of deaths drops down monotonically with tumor size, reaching a minimum at size equals to 7 cm, increasing from thereafter. With tumor size equals to 10 cm the total mortality is equal to the 5 cm threshold of the Milan criteria.ConclusionWe concluded that it is possible to include patients with tumor size up to 10 cm without increasing the total mortality of this population.

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Does anti‐hepatitis B virus vaccine make any difference in long‐term number of liver transplantation?

Abstract: Increasing the vaccination coverage against HBV in the state of São Paulo would have a relatively low impact on the number of liver transplantation. In addition, this impact would take several decades to materialize due to the long incubation period of liver failure due to HBV.

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women in Arab and African countries

Hepatitis B and C virus infections among pregnant women in Arab and African countries

Sero-prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV Co-infection among Pregnant Women Accessing Primary Health Care (PHC) Maternity of Lamurde, Mubi-South, Adamawa State, Nigeria

A mathematical model for optimizing the indications of liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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