Doenças foliares e o controle por fungicidas na produtividade e qualidade de grãos de trigo

Navarini, Lucas; Balardin, Ricardo Silveiro

doi:10.1590/s0100-54052012000400004

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Firstly, by removing fungal-bacterial antagonism, fungicides also free an advantageous niche for bacteria [4,5]. Secondly, the antibacterial activity is demonstrated predominantly by metal-based pesticides, the usage of which in the contemporary rural economy significantly decreased as they were substituted by triazoles, benzimidazoles and thiocarbamates [1,2,29].…”

Section: Fungicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifics of pesticides effects on the phytopathogenic bacteria

Patyka

Buletsa

Pasichnyk

et al. 2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:The data concerning the effects of pesticides of different nature on the phytopathogenic bacteria was examined and summarized. Without extensive research on the mechanisms of interaction between pathogenic bacteria and pesticides in the literature review a similar message about microorganisms of soil and phyllosphere are included. The bacteria can be suppressed permanently by pesticides with a mechanism of action that universally affects biological processes in living systems. Long-term storage, ease of use and fast visible effect are the advantages of synthetic pesticides remedies. But chemical pollution, shifts in the balance of ecosystems, unpredictable effects of chemical pesticides on non-target objects are the drawbacks. Stimulation of resistance response in plants is unifying factor for all types of biopesticides. This is realized through localization of the pathogen during infection, blocking its further penetration, distribution and reproduction. The results of the study of effects of plant protection products on the phytopathogenic bacteria of main crops are described. Among all tested pesticides, thiocarbamate fungicides demonstrated significant inhibitory action on phytopathogens, but their effect may be neutralized by other constituents of multicomponent preparations. Triazole fungicides affect the causative agents of bacterioses of crops at a dose of more than 1% of the active substance in the nutrient medium. Insecticides and herbicides have little or no effect on phytopathogenic bacteria; however they can enhance morphological dissociations of some Pseudomonas strains, thereby increasing their ability to survive. The disadvantage of many biopesticides against phytopathogenic microorganisms is the difference between their efficacy in vitro and in vivo that is why the desired result is not achieved in field condition. In addition, biological pesticides often lose their activity causing the problem of constant search for new active antagonists. The fact that the sensitivity of phytopathogenic bacteria to pesticides is strain-dependent should be considered in practice, particularly, assessment of the antibacterial action of various preparations should not be limited to a single bacterial strain.

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Section: Fungicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specifics of pesticides effects on the phytopathogenic bacteria

Patyka

Buletsa

Pasichnyk

et al. 2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…O fungicida Comet® (piraclostrobina 250 g/L, BASF) foi diluído 1:1000 em água deionizada para produzir uma solução estoque. O sido considerados erráticos e inconsistentes (3, 8, 9, 16), pelo fato dos genótipos de trigo aparentemente resistentes se comportarem como suscetíveis em outras regiões do país (28 Sob o ponto de vista de manejo da brusone do trigo, a ineficácia de fungicidas é atribuída ao desconhecimento de aspectos importantes da biologia do patógeno, se a fonte de inóculo primário restringe-se às sementes, aos restos de cultura ou qual a importância de plantas invasoras como fonte de inóculo e às dificuldades de proteção da espiga, aparentemente o único órgão da planta sujeito à infecção (9, 14,17,21,23,28). Entre diversos grupos de fungicidas utilizados no controle das doenças do trigo, as estrobilurinas tem recebido destaque.…”

Section: Origem Dos Isoladosunclassified

“…No caso específico de P. oryzae do trigo, os presentes resultados indicaram que já em 2005, alguns anos após a introdução de estrobilurinas no mercado brasileiro, 36% da população do patógeno apresentava resistência a azoxistrobina, e que em 2012, sete anos após, este percentual saltou para 90% da população do patógeno amostrada (2). Evidências indicam a necessidade urgente de reavaliar o uso de estrobilurinas para o manejo da brusone, bem como de outras principais doenças do trigo no Brasil, pois, provavelmente, a resistência aos fungicidas IQo é o principal fator atribuído à baixa eficácia desses fungicidas (14,17,21,23). De forma surpreendente, não há no Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) registro específico de estrobilurinas para o manejo do patógeno da brusone (P. oryzae) embora haja registro para os demais patógenos foliares do trigo (19).…”

Section: Origem Dos Isolados De P Oryzae: Mato Grosso Do Sul (Ms) Gunclassified

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Resistência cruzada aos fungicidas IQo azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina no patógeno da brusone do trigo Pyricularia oryzae no Brasil

et al. 2015

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Oliveira, S.C.; Castroagudin, V.L.; Maciel, J.L.N.; Pereira, D.A.S.; Ceresini, P.C. Cross-resistance to QoI fungicides azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin in the wheat blast pathogen Pyricularia oryzae in Brazil. Summa Phytopathologica, v.41, n.4, p.298-304, 2015. ABSTRACTand carrier of the non-mutant cyt b gene (haplotype H9), and b) resistant to azoxystrobin and carrier of the G143A mutation in the cyt b gene (H1 haplotype). Fungicides belonging to the same chemical group show cross-resistance. All P. oryzae isolates sensitive to azoxystrobin were also sensitive to pyraclostrobin. Isolates that were resistant to azoxystrobin were also resistant to pyraclostrobin, indicating cross-resistance to both fungicides. Two phenotypic groups were distinguished among the resistant isolates: (A) highly resistant and (B) resistant. P. oryzae isolates with the presence of G143A mutation in the cyt b gene were 42 times more resistant to pyraclostrobin. These high levels of resistance to QoI fungicides may be the result of high selection pressure exerted by consecutive years of strobilurin application for the management of wheat diseases in Brazil.Palavras-chave: estrobilurina, citocromo b, inibidores de quinona oxidase, EC 50 , Triticum aestivum.

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“…Paradoxically, the use of fungicides in wheat is an indispensable practice that drastically reduces disease-induced damage (BLANDINO; REYNERI, 2009;DIMMOCK;GOODING, 2002;NAVARINI;BALARDIN, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, biochemical, and nutritional parameters of wheat treated with a fungicide and foliar fertilizer

Marques

Balardin

Stefanello

et al. 2016

SCA

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Agronomic improvements in grain yield and quality of wheat crops could be obtained through the application of strategies, such as using foliar fungicides with fertilizers, to protect the leaves against pathogens and delay senescence during grain filling. However, few studies have reported the effect of these practices on wheat, although these treatments could represent a new method of increasing wheat production and profits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar fertilizer, applied alone or in combination with a fungicide, on the photochemical, biochemical, and nutritional parameters of wheat plants. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in a 2 × 3 factorial design (fungicide × foliar fertilizer) with four replications. The fungicide treatment used was azoxystrobin + cyproconazole + mineral oil; the control was left untreated. The foliar fertilizer was used at two different rates, and the control was not treated. Plants were sprayed at the GS29/GS30, GS45, and GS60 growth stages, and the plants were assessed ten days after the last spray. Chlorophyll a fluorescence, the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (F v /F m ), and electron transport rate were positively influenced by fertilizer. Fertilizer spraying significantly increased the leaf pigment content (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids) and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentration in flag leaves. When used in mixture, the fertilizer mitigates the stresses generated by the fungicide. Key words: Amino acids. Azoxystrobin. Cyproconazole. Triticum aestivum L. ResumoMelhorias no rendimento e qualidade de grãos na cultura do trigo poderiam ser obtidas através da implementação de estratégias, como a utilização de fungicidas com fertilizantes foliares, para proteção das folhas contra patógenos e retardo da senescência durante o enchimento de grãos. Entretanto, poucos estudos têm reportado o efeito destas práticas em trigo, embora estes tratamentos possam representar incrementos na produção de trigo e maiores lucros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do fertilizante foliar aplicado isolado ou em associação com fungicida, em parâmetros fotoquímicos, bioquímicos e nutricionais em plantas de trigo. O ensaio foi conduzido em condições de casa de vegetação em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 (fungicida x fertilizante) com quatro repetições. O fungicida utilizado foi azoxistrobina + ciproconazol + óleo mineral; o controle foi deixado sem tratamento. O fertilizante foliar foi utilizado em duas doses, e o controle não foi tratado. As plantas foram pulverizadas nos estágios GS29/GS30, GS45 e GS60, e as plantas foram avaliadas dez dias após a última aplicação. Os parâmetros da fluorescência da clorofila a, eficiência fotoquímica máxima do fotossistema II (F v / F m ) e taxa de transporte de elétrons foram positivamente influenciados pelo fertilizante. A aplicação do fertilizante significativamente incrementou o conteúdo de pigmentos foliares (clorofilas a e b e carotenóides) e a concentração de nit...

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Doenças foliares e o controle por fungicidas na produtividade e qualidade de grãos de trigo

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Specifics of pesticides effects on the phytopathogenic bacteria

Specifics of pesticides effects on the phytopathogenic bacteria

Resistência cruzada aos fungicidas IQo azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina no patógeno da brusone do trigo Pyricularia oryzae no Brasil

Physiological, biochemical, and nutritional parameters of wheat treated with a fungicide and foliar fertilizer

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