Do Specific Early-Life Adversities Lead to Specific Symptoms of Psychosis? A Study from the 2007 The Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

Bentall, Richard P.; Wickham, Sophie; Shevlin, Mark; Varese, Filippo

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs049

Cited by 345 publications

(347 citation statements)

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“…Symptom-based analyses are on the rise for many disorders such as major depression (see review; Fried & Nesse, 2015b), bipolar disorder (Pfennig et al, 2015), and psychosis (Bentall, Wickham, Shevlin, & Varese, 2012). A new research framework entitled ‘Symptomics’ was proposed recently that aims to describe such studies under one framework, and complement diagnosis-level research with more detailed research on symptoms (Fried, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new research framework entitled ‘Symptomics’ was proposed recently that aims to describe such studies under one framework, and complement diagnosis-level research with more detailed research on symptoms (Fried, 2017). Symptomics has three cornerstones:The relationship of individual symptoms with important variables such as risk factors, biomarkers, impairment of functioning, and treatment response (Bentall et al, 2012; Costello, 1993; Fried & Nesse, 2015b; Hieronymus, Emilsson, Nilsson, & Eriksson, 2016; Persons, 1986);The analysis of the potentially causal relations among symptoms in symptom networks (Borsboom, 2017; Cramer, Waldorp, van der Maas, & Borsboom, 2010; Wichers, Wigman, & Myin-Germeys, 2015);Gaining better understanding of psychopathology by investigating personalized processes at the level of individuals instead of heterogeneous groups of patients (Fisher & Boswell, 2016; Molenaar, 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship of individual symptoms with important variables such as risk factors, biomarkers, impairment of functioning, and treatment response (Bentall et al, 2012; Costello, 1993; Fried & Nesse, 2015b; Hieronymus, Emilsson, Nilsson, & Eriksson, 2016; Persons, 1986);…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PTSD symptomics: network analyses in the field of psychotraumatology

Armour¹,

Fried

Olff

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Recent years have seen increasing attention on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) research. While research has largely focused on the dichotomy between patients diagnosed with mental disorders and healthy controls — in other words, investigations at the level of diagnoses — recent work has focused on psychopathology symptoms. Symptomics research in the area of PTSD has been scarce so far, although several studies have focused on investigating the network structures of PTSD symptoms. The present special issue of EJPT adds to the literature by curating additional PTSD network studies, each looking at a different aspect of PTSD. We hope that this special issue encourages researchers to conceptualize and model PTSD data from a network perspective, which arguably has the potential to inform and improve the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PTSD symptomics: network analyses in the field of psychotraumatology

Armour¹,

Fried

Olff

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…Documentation of the relation between trauma/abuse and voice-hearing is now extensive [e.g., Ref. (44)(45)(46)]. Bentall et al (44) found that being raped increased the odds of voice-hearing sixfold.…”

Section: Women and Voice-hearing After The Birth Of Psychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(44)(45)(46)]. Bentall et al (44) found that being raped increased the odds of voice-hearing sixfold. Janssen et al (47) found child abuse prospectively predicted the development of voice-hearing, even after controlling for a family history of psychosis.…”

Section: Women and Voice-hearing After The Birth Of Psychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Blackman¹

2015

Feminist Review

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This paper explores the experiences of women who "hear voices" (auditory verbal hallucinations). We begin by examining historical understandings of women hearing voices, showing these have been driven by androcentric theories of how women's bodies functioned leading to women being viewed as requiring their voices be interpreted by men. We show the twentieth century was associated with recognition that the mental violation of women's minds (represented by some voice-hearing) was often a consequence of the physical violation of women's bodies. We next report the results of a qualitative study into voice-hearing women's experiences (n = 8). This found similarities between women's relationships with their voices and their relationships with others and the wider social context. Finally, we present results from a quantitative study comparing voice-hearing in women (n = 65) and men (n = 132) in a psychiatric setting. Women were more likely than men to have certain forms of voice-hearing (voices conversing) and to have antecedent events of trauma, physical illness, and relationship problems. Voices identified as female may have more positive affect than male voices. We conclude that women voice-hearers have and continue to face specific challenges necessitating research and activism, and hope this paper will act as a stimulus to such work.

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Consistent Etiology of Severe, Frequent Psychotic Experiences and Milder, Less Frequent Manifestations

et al. 2014

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Context The onset of psychosis is usually preceded by psychotic experiences, but little is known about their causes. The present study investigated the degree of genetic and environmental influences on specific psychotic experiences, assessed dimensionally, in adolescence in the community and in individuals with many, frequent experiences (defined using quantitative cut-offs). The degree of overlap in etiological influences between specific psychotic experiences was also investigated Objective Investigate degree of genetic and environmental influences on specific psychotic experiences, assessed dimensionally, in adolescence in the community and in individuals having many, frequent experiences (defined using quantitative cut-offs). Test degree of overlap in etiological influences between specific psychotic experiences. Design Classic twin design. Structural equation model-fitting. Univariate and bivariate twin models, liability threshold models, DeFries-Fulker extremes analysis and the Cherny Method. Setting Representative community sample of twins from England and Wales. Participants 5059 adolescent twin pairs (Mean age: 16.31 yrs, SD: 0.68 yrs). Main outcome measure Psychotic experiences assessed as quantitative traits (self-rated paranoia, hallucinations, cognitive disorganization, grandiosity, anhedonia; parent-rated negative symptoms). Results Genetic influences were apparent for all psychotic experiences (15-59%) with modest shared environment for hallucinations and negative symptoms (17-24%) and significant nonshared environment (49-64% for the self-rated scales, 17% for Parent-rated Negative Symptoms). Three different empirical approaches converged to suggest that the etiology in extreme groups (most extreme-scoring 5%, 10% and 15%) did not differ significantly from that of the whole distribution. There was no linear change in the heritability across the distribution of psychotic experiences, with the exception of a modest increase in heritability for increasing severity of parent-rated negative symptoms. Of the psychotic experiences that showed covariation, this appeared to be due to shared genetic influences (bivariate heritabilities = .54-.71). Conclusions and Relevance These findings are consistent with the concept of a psychosis continuum, suggesting that the same genetic and environmental factors influence both extreme, frequent psychotic experiences and milder, less frequent manifestations in adolescents. Individual psychotic experiences in adolescence, assessed quantitatively, have lower heritability estimates and higher estimates of nonshared environment than those for the liability to schizophrenia. Heritability varies by type of psychotic experience, being highest for paranoia and parent-rated negative symptoms, and lowest for hallucinations.

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Do Specific Early-Life Adversities Lead to Specific Symptoms of Psychosis? A Study from the 2007 The Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

Cited by 345 publications

References 36 publications

PTSD symptomics: network analyses in the field of psychotraumatology

PTSD symptomics: network analyses in the field of psychotraumatology

Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Consistent Etiology of Severe, Frequent Psychotic Experiences and Milder, Less Frequent Manifestations

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