Do smokers understand the mortality effects of smoking? Evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey.

Schoenbaum, Michael

doi:10.2105/ajph.87.5.755

Cited by 120 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The 4 yr estimate by smokers vs. the view Ž . that the true actuarial effect is 7 yr is consistent with the study by Schoenbaum 1997 showing that smokers consistently underestimate the life expectancy consequences of smoking. 10 An alternative modeling strategy would be to assume that each cigarette smoked raises the probability of dying at all future ages.…”

Section: Future Lossessupporting

confidence: 89%

An economic theory of cigarette addiction

Suranovic

Goldfarb

Leonard

1999

Journal of Health Economics

125

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In this paper we present a model in which individuals act in their own best interest, to explain many behaviors associated with cigarette addiction. There are two key features of the model. First, there is an explicit representation of the withdrawal effects experienced when smokers attempt to quit smoking. Second, there is explicit recognition that the negative effects of smoking generally appear late in an individual's life. Among the things Ž . we use the model to explain are: 1 how individuals can become trapped in their decision Ž . to smoke; 2 the conditions under which cold-turkey quitting and gradual quitting may Ž . occur; and 3 a reason for the existence of quit-smoking treatments. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.JEL classification: I10; D11; D91

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Section: Future Lossessupporting

confidence: 89%

An economic theory of cigarette addiction

Suranovic

Goldfarb

Leonard

1999

Journal of Health Economics

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, when these respondents are grouped by amount smoked, the longevity expectations of heavy smokers do not reflect the adjustments downward in these assessments for this behavior that would be required for them to be consistent with what actually happens to heavy smokers. These findings confirm Schoenbaum's (1997) conclusion. In addition, our analysis adds to this earlier work a clear indication that smokers responded to personal experiences with diseases that are linked to smoking behavior.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Do Smokers Respond to Health Shocks?

Smith

Taylor

Sloan

et al. 2001

Review of Economics and Statistics

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Abstract-This paper reports the first effort to use data to evaluate how new information, acquired through exogenous health shocks, affects people's longevity expectations. We find that smokers react differently to health shocks than do those who quit smoking or never smoked. These differences, together with insights from qualitative research conducted along with the statistical analysis, suggest specific changes in the health warnings used to reduce smoking. Our specific focus is on how current smokers responded to health information in comparison to former smokers and nonsmokers. The three groups use significantly different updating rules to revise their assessments about longevity. The most significant finding of our study documents that smokers differ from persons who do not smoke in how information influences their personal longevity expectations. When smokers experience smoking-related health shocks, they interpret this information as reducing their chances of living to age 75 or more. Our estimated models imply smokers update their longevity expectations more dramatically than either former smokers or those who never smoked. Smokers are thus assigning a larger risk equivalent to these shocks. They do not react comparably to general health shocks, implying that specific information about smoking-related health events is most likely to cause them to update beliefs. It remains to be evaluated whether messages can be designed that focus on the link between smoking and health outcomes in ways that will have comparable effects on smokers' risk perceptions.

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“…There is evidence that smokers have greater depression, negative affectivity, anxiety sensitivity and hostility; a tendency toward sensation seeking and impulsivity; deficient coping skills; a present time perspective; and a tendency to rationalize risk. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In this study, compared with women who not had hormone replacement therapy, women currently under hormone therapy are significantly more likely to have regular Pap tests. In most cases, women start taking hormone replacement therapy around 50 after menopause.…”

Section: 2324mentioning

confidence: 92%

Identifying barriers to Papanicolaou smear screening in Korean women: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005

Park

2010

J Gynecol Oncol

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Objective: This study was conducted to provide a nationwide analysis on barriers to cervical cancer screening in Korea. Methods: Data used for this study was obtained in a survey called Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2005, which collected data from 2,590 Korean women aged older than 21 years who had not had a hysterectomy and were eligible for Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. Multivariate analysis was adopted to control each demographic factor and unhealthy behavior variable. Demographic factors included age, education, income, job and region; health-related behavior factors were defined as current smoking, obesity, hormone replacement therapy and disability. Results: The study found that cervical cancer screening rate was significantly positively associated with income (odds ratio [OR],1.002; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001 to 1.002), with education (OR, 1.324; 95% CI, 1.030 to 1.703), with job (OR, 1.420; 95% CI, 1.030 to 1.957), and with hormone replacement therapy (OR, 3.732; 95% CI, 2.354 to 5.916). Meanwhile, the age (OR, 0.977; 95% CI, 0.968 to 0.985), disability (OR, 0.358; 95% CI, 0.143 to 0.894) and smoking (OR, 0.447; 95% CI, 0.280 to 0.715) were significantly negatively associated with one's chances to take cervical cytology. Conclusion: In order to increase the rates of Korean women taking Pap test, cervical cancer screening programs will have to pay special attention to the elderly, low-income group, smokers, and the disabled.

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Do smokers understand the mortality effects of smoking? Evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey.

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

An economic theory of cigarette addiction

An economic theory of cigarette addiction

Do Smokers Respond to Health Shocks?

Identifying barriers to Papanicolaou smear screening in Korean women: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005

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