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In this paper we present a model in which individuals act in their own best interest, to explain many behaviors associated with cigarette addiction. There are two key features of the model. First, there is an explicit representation of the withdrawal effects experienced when smokers attempt to quit smoking. Second, there is explicit recognition that the negative effects of smoking generally appear late in an individual's life. Among the things Ž . we use the model to explain are: 1 how individuals can become trapped in their decision Ž . to smoke; 2 the conditions under which cold-turkey quitting and gradual quitting may Ž . occur; and 3 a reason for the existence of quit-smoking treatments. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.JEL classification: I10; D11; D91

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During the Progressive Era, eugenic approaches to social and economic reform were popular, respectable and widespread. This essay documents the influence of eugenic ideas upon American economic reform, especially in the areas of immigration and labor reform, and tries to illuminate something of its causes and consequences.

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