Do humans possess an internal clock with scalar timing properties?

Wearden, J. H.

doi:10.1016/0023-9690(91)90017-3

Cited by 185 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The order of the presentations of the short and long stimuli was random. Presentation lengths of less than 1s were used to avoid the effects of chronometric counting 47 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Reed

Randell

2014

Psychiatry Research

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The possibility of altered time-perception in high schizotypy scorers, as postulated through previous differences shown in performance between high and low scorers in schizotypy on schedules of reinforcement with temporal elements, was examined using a series of retrospective timing tasks. Three stimuli ratio manipulations were made across two experiments, and, using an adjusted version of the bisection-point method for data analysis, results showed that high scorers on the unusual experiences subscale of the O-LIFE(B) estimated the mid point of the stimulus range to be at a significantly longer interval than low scorers. This was true when the ratio between the "short" and "long" standard stimuli were 4:1 (Experiment 1), 3:1 and 2:1 (Experiment 2). These findings are consistent with the notion of altered time-perception for high schizotypals.

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“…The order of the presentations of the short and long stimuli was random. Presentation lengths of less than 1s were used to avoid the effects of chronometric counting 47 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Reed

Randell

2014

Psychiatry Research

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“…Temporal relations are particularly important in making sense of the world, and subjective time has been extensively studied by researchers from behavioral and cognitive traditions (Allan, 1979(Allan, , 1998Bizo, Chu, Sanabria, & Killeen, 2006;Grondin, 2001;Wearden, 1991Wearden, , 1999. In humans, our dependency on spoken language requires a sensitivity to temporally extended sequences, and, indeed, the identification of temporal patterns in speech occurs as young as 6-9 months old (e.g., Marcus, Vijayan, Bandi Rao, & Vishton, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Temporal Relations and Intelligence: Correlating Relational Performance With Performance on the Wais-III

et al. 2008

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“…The PSE is the value on the time dimension at which the subject displays indifference between choosing the "short" or the "long" response. Although studies with animals (Church & Deluty, 1977;Gibbon, 1986) have frequently reported that the PSE is at the geometric mean of the two training durations, studies with humans have found the PSE to be either at the arithmetic mean (Wearden, 1991;Wearden & Ferrara, 1995, 1996Wearden, Rogers, & Thomas, 1997) or at the geometric mean (Allan, 1992;Allan & Gibbon, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Perception of Empty and Filled Time Intervals by Pigeons

Miki

Santi

2005

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B

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Pigeons were trained in a within-subjects design to discriminate durations of a filled interval (2 s and 8 s of light) and durations of an empty interval (2 s and 8 s bound by two 500-ms light markers). Filled intervals required a response to one set of comparisons (e.g., blue vs. yellow), whereas empty intervals required a response to a different set of comparisons (e.g., red vs. green). Psychophysical testing indicated that empty intervals were judged to be longer than equivalent durations of a filled interval. This finding was replicated when the anchor durations used during training were changed to 1 s and 4 s, or 4 s and 16 s. The difference between the point of subjective equality (PSE) for the empty intervals and the PSE for filled intervals increased as the magnitude of the anchor duration pairs increased. In addition, the difference limens (DL) for empty intervals were smaller than those for filled intervals, and they also increased as the magnitude of anchor duration pairs increased. An analysis of the Weber fractions (WF; i.e., DL/PSE) provided evidence for superimposition of the empty and filled timing functions across the different sets of anchor durations. These results suggest that the accumulation of subjective time was greater for empty intervals than for filled intervals. Within the framework of scalar timing theory, this difference in timing appeared to be the result of a clock rate difference rather than a switch latency difference.The ability of humans and animals to perceive and remember time has often been investigated with a temporal bisection procedure. In this procedure, subjects are trained to choose between two responses ("short" or "long") following one of two training durations. Once a high level of accuracy is achieved, intermediate durations are introduced, but responses on these trials are not reinforced. From this procedure, a psychophysical function can be generated, and the point of subjective equality (PSE) can be calculated. The PSE is the value on the time dimension at which the subject displays indifference between choosing the "short" or the "long" response. Although studies with animals (Church & Deluty, 1977;Gibbon, 1986)

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Do humans possess an internal clock with scalar timing properties?

Cited by 185 publications

References 27 publications

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Temporal Relations and Intelligence: Correlating Relational Performance With Performance on the Wais-III

The Perception of Empty and Filled Time Intervals by Pigeons

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