DNA sequence analyses reveal co-occurrence of novel haplotypes of Fasciola gigantica with F. hepatica in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Mucheka, Vimbai T.; Lamb, Jennifer; Pfukenyi, Davies M.; Mukaratirwa, Samson

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.09.024

Cited by 36 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…The higher prevalence of F. hepatica was reported by Moghaddam et al in Iran [42], and mixed infections of the two species were previously reported in cattle in Egypt [8]. Elsewhere in Africa, F. hepatica is the dominant species (64%) in cattle in South Africa, although F. gigantica (99%) is more commonly seen in cattle in neighboring Zimbabwe [43]. In Asia, flukes recovered from cattle in Thailand were exclusively F. gigantica in one study [44], although Bui et al [35] concluded that sheep in Vietnam are more susceptible to F. hepatica than to F. gigantica .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Identity of Fasciola spp. in sheep in Egypt

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIn Egypt, liver flukes, Fasciola spp. (Digenea: Fasciolidae), have a serious impact on the farming industry and public health. Both Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica are known to occur in cattle, providing the opportunity for genetic recombination. Little is known on the identity and genetic variability of Fasciola populations in sheep.MethodsThis study was performed to determine the prevalence of liver flukes in sheep in Menofia Province as a representative area of the delta region in Egypt, as measured by postmortem examination of slaughtered animals at three abattoirs. The identity and genetic variability of Fasciola spp. in slaughtered animals were determined by PCR-sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes.ResultsPhysical inspection of the liver indicated that 302 of 2058 (14.7%) slaughtered sheep were infected with Fasciola spp. Sequence analysis of the ITS1 and nad1 genes of liver flukes from 17 animals revealed that 11 animals were infected with F. hepatica, four with F. gigantica, and two with both species. Seventy eight of 103 flukes genetically characterized from these animals were F. hepatica, 23 were F. gigantica, and two had ITS1 sequences identical to F. hepatica but nad1 sequences identical to F. gigantica. nad1 sequences of Egyptian isolates of F. gigantica showed pronounced differences from those in the GenBank database. Egyptian F. gigantica haplotypes formed haplogroup D, which clustered in a sister clade with haplogroups A, B and C circulating in Asia, indicating the existence of geographic isolation in the species.ConclusionsBoth F. hepatica and F. gigantica are prevalent in sheep in Egypt and an introgressed form of the two occurs as the result of genetic recombination. In addition, a geographically isolated F. gigantica population is present in the country. The importance of these observations in epidemiology of fascioliasis needs to be examined in future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Identity of Fasciola spp. in sheep in Egypt

et al. 2016

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“…The prevalence of fasciolosis in the retrospective study ranged from 2% to 14.4% while during the prospective study the prevalence was ranged from 24.5% to 53.1%. To the best of our knowledge reports on the prevalence and economic losses due to fasciolosis in South Africa are scanty ( Kock et al, 2003 , Mucheka et al, 2015 ). But Fasciola distribution in the Free State Province and DNA sequence analyses of novel haplotypes of F. gigantica with F. hepatica in KwaZulu Natal Province has been reported ( Mucheka et al, 2015 , Tsotetsi and Mbati, 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial loss estimation of bovine fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle in South Africa

Jaja

Mushonga

Green

et al. 2017

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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South Africa's livestock population is rapidly evolving and consequently will require sustained epidemiological surveillance to detect and prevent diseases which contribute to a decrease in livestock productivity, public health risk and food wastage. Fasciola infection is one of the commonest diseases affecting livestock health and a significant portion of meat and offal's are declared unfit for human consumption. This study assessed the prevalence and monetary losses associated with Fasciola infection at three abattoirs in Eastern Cape Province. A retrospective data of all slaughtered cattle were obtained from Department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform (DRDAR) from 2010–2012. A prospective abattoir survey was conducted between July 2013 and June 2014 to determine the prevalence and financial loss due to fasciolosis.The highest prevalence was in December and January (23%) while the lowest prevalence was recorded in May and June (5%). Annual prevalence of Fasciola at abattoirs AB1, were (3.2%, 2.2% and 2.0%), AB2 (6.4%, 4.6% and 3.5%), AB3 (14.4%, 6.9% and 9.5%) for year 2010, 2011 and 2012 respectively. The total financial loss due to Fasciola infection during the active survey of the three abattoirs was ZAR 44, 930 (3456.2 USD). A breakdown of this figure shows that whole liver condemnation was ZAR 25, 230 (2, 357 USD), and partial liver condemnation was ZAR 19, 700 (1515.4 USD).The present study reveals the economic loss due to liver condemnation from Fasciola infection and provides regional baseline information regarding the prevalence of Fasciola in cattle at three abattoirs.

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“…Bovine fascioliasis is a zoonotic trematodiasis of veterinary and public health importance affecting ruminant animals (Haseeb et al, 2002;Periago et al, 2008). Several millions of dollars have been lost in African countries due to fascioliasis (Dawa et al, 2013;Mucheka et al, 2015). In Egypt, several reasons make the situation of fascioliasis particularly interesting (Hussein and Khalifa, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and ultrasonographic investigation of bovine fascioliasis in smallholder production system in Eastern Nile Delta of Egypt

Damaty

Mahmmod

Gouda

et al. 2018

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Regular updating of our knowledge on the epidemiological determinants of bovine fascioliasis is necessary to increase the awareness of the disease's significance and subsequently, improve the control measures. The objectives of this study were (1) to estimate the prevalence of bovine fascioliasis, and identify the association of epidemiological characteristics under traditional householders' production systems, (2) to describe the association between the clinical picture, Fasciola spp. egg count and hepatobiliary ultrasonography findings. In total, 270 faecal samples were examined microscopically for the presence or absence of Fasciola spp. egg, using the sedimentation-flotation method. Copro-positive animals were subjected to ultrasonographic examination. Overall prevalence of copro-positive animals was 27.4% (22.4-33.0%, 95% CI). The final multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant association between fascioliasis and animal species (P < 0.03), and administration of anthelmintic (P < 0.0001). Cattle have a less chance of being positive to Fasciola spp. by 0.55 (95% CI: 0.30 - 0.99) compared to water buffaloes. Administration of anthelmintic to animals on a regular basis decreased the risk of copro-positivity to Fasciola spp by 0.17 (95% CI: 0.07 - 0.36) compared to animals received anthelmintic on an irregular basis. Infected animals having different Fasciola spp. egg burden revealed different clinical symptoms associated with hepatobiliary changes on ultrasonographic examination ranged from normal hepatic parenchyma and bile system in low faecal egg load to hyperechogenic hepatic parenchyma, hyperechogenic with distal shadowing bile duct, and distended gallbladder in high faecal egg load of Fasciola spp. In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine fascioliasis is high under the traditional household's production system. Regular administration of anthelmintic significantly reduces the animal's chance of being copro-positive to Fasciola spp. Ultrasound poses a valuable prognostic technique for assessment of bovine fascioliasis.

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DNA sequence analyses reveal co-occurrence of novel haplotypes of Fasciola gigantica with F. hepatica in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Identity of Fasciola spp. in sheep in Egypt

Identity of Fasciola spp. in sheep in Egypt

Financial loss estimation of bovine fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle in South Africa

Epidemiological and ultrasonographic investigation of bovine fascioliasis in smallholder production system in Eastern Nile Delta of Egypt

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