Diversity of frugivorous flies (Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae) in three municipalities in southern Bahia

Abstract

The main goal of this paper was to know the species diversity of frugivorous flies (Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae) in Ilhéus, Uruçuca and Wenceslau Guimarães, municipalities in southern Bahia. In each sampled place five McPhail traps were used containing 5% corn hydrolyzed protein (Bio Anastrepha(c)), from July 2011 through December 2012. The captured adults were placed in plastic pots containing 70% alcohol, until identification, characterized according to diversity indexes of Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and equitability, and categorized according to the total number of captured flies: 2.24% species of genus Neosilba McAlpine (Lonchaeidae), and 97.76% species of genus Anastrepha Schiner, with 12 species reported, and Ceratitis capitata . The index fly/trap/day (FTD) oscillated from zero to 1.35 with the highest capture in March and April 2012, coinciding with the fructification period. The frugivorous flies captured were Anastrepha antunesi Lima, A. bahiensis Lima, A. consobrina (Loew), A. distincta Greene, A. fraterculus (Wied.), A. grandis (Macquart), A. leptozona Hendel, A. obliqua (Macquart), A. parallela (Wied.), A. serpentina (Wied.), A. sororcula Zucchi, A. zenildae Zucchi, C. capitata (Wied.), Neosilba glaberrima (Wied.) and Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine & Steyskal. Anastrepha fraterculus was the species with the highest index of frequency, dominance, abundance and constancy. It is the first register of A. consobrina in the state of Bahia.

Climatic and edaphic characteristics constrain the distribution of the quarantine pestAnastrepha grandis

“…Anastrepha grandis has a distribution limited to central and southern Brazil, with no records in the northern and northeastern regions (Uchôa & Nic acio, 2010), except for two reports in the state of Bahia (northeast), but the first report provided no sampling location (Bondar, 1950). The second report discussed seven adult flies collected in southern Bahia, in domestic orchards in areas of Atlantic Rainforest (Melo et al, 2016). Our results support the hypothesis that the absence of A. grandis from both regions is due to the extreme, although, opposite, climatic and edaphic conditions in those regions.…”

Frugivorous Flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) Hosts in the State of Bahia, Brazil and registers of new bitrophic interactions

“…The same trophic relation was observed by Aguiar-Menezes et al (2004) in the State of Espírito Santo and in Southern Bahia, both in Brazil, by Melo et al (2012). Dasiops inedulis is considered an important pest of flowers buds of Passifloraceae, once the larvae feed on the ovaries of the flowers causing flower drop and the losses to the crop can reach 100% in commercial crops (Strikis et al, 2011).…”

“…Neosilba pendula (Bezzi, 1919) emerged from fruits of A. carambola, C. arabica, S. purpurea e S. malaccense and Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine & Steyskal, 1982 emerged from fruits of Annonaceae, Passifloraceae e Rutaceae. Those species are considered to have the largest number of plant hosts among Neosilba species in Brazil and have a wide geographic distribution (Costa et al, 2009;Montes et al, 2010;Garcia and Norrbom, 2011;Strikis et al, 2011;Melo et al, 2012;Raga et al, 2015). Neosilba glaberrima (n=6) was found attacking fruits of Annonaceae, Caricaceae e Myrtaceae and was for the first time associated to fruits of Rollinia sp.…”

Does the surrounding vegetation influence the fruit fly assemblage in guava orchards?

“…Anastrepha fraterculus was not influenced by the characteristics of the surroundings of guava orchards. Melo et al (2016) caught 66.45% of A. fraterculus in domestic orchards, emphasizing their generalist habit and preference for Myrtaceae. The dominance of this fly was recorded in orchards of P. guajava (NICÁCIO et al, 2018;ALVES et al, 2019) and Acca sellowiana (Berg) (ROSA et al, 2018).…”