Does the surrounding vegetation influence the fruit fly assemblage in guava orchards?

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate how the surrounding vegetation affects the assemblage of fruit flies. For this, flies were collected in guava orchards with distinct types of surrounding vegetation (exotic pasture, native forest and fruit tree intercropping). The experiment was conducted in Itaporã and Dourados, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Weekly samples were collected from March to April 2015. McPhail traps were baited with 5% hydrolyzed corn protein. Species richness, diversity index and abundance were evaluated for each orchard, as well as the species composition of fruit fly between the environments surrounding the orchard and, finally, the sex ratio. A total of 579 individuals were collected of the species Anastrepha fraterculus, A. montei, A. obliqua, A. sororcula, A. striata, A. turpiniae and A. zenildae. The orchard surrounded by native forest had the highest species richness and Shannon diversity. The species composition differed between environments, with the formation of three distinct groups. The environment surrounding the guava orchard influences the richness, diversity, abundance and sex ratio of fruit flies, indicating that the native forest may provide more resources for the maintenance of these insects.

Diversity of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the Chaco Biome

“…Because, in all other environments connected by some territory to the Chaco (Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal), greater richness and abundance in fruit fly species have been reported (Uchoa et al, 2002;Uchoa and Nicácio, 2010;Trindade and Uchoa, 2011). Non-impacted native biome environments have greater richness and less abundance compared to areas of orchards formed by mono-crops, as these provide biotic and abiotic resources suitable for the development and ecological balance of the community of these flies (Bomfim et al, 2014;Vargas et al, 2019).…”

“…The dispersion of fruit flies depends on the distribution density of native vegetation plants in biome fragments, serving as maintenance reservoirs for the species, such as alternative hosts, having a favorable climate for reproduction and protection against predators (Vargas et al, 2019). Therefore, vegetation with difficult-to-access density, that is, difficult to enter into the biome, has a higher probability of occurrence of Anastrepha spp.…”

First micro‐transcriptome of the third instar larvae of Anastrepha obliqua and its association with polyphagia

“…Due to its economic impact and its ability to be polyphagous, A . obliqua has been widely studied, and information about its distribution on the American continent (Santos et al, 2019), intraspecific genetic variation and population structure (Martins de Almeida et al, 2019; Passos et al, 2018; Ruiz‐Arce et al, 2019; Velasco‐Cuervo et al, 2019), ecological interactions (Campanini et al, 2017; Mesquita et al, 2018; da Vargas et al, 2019), reproductive behaviours associated with the host plant (Hernández et al, 2019), formation of interspecific hybrids (Díaz et al, 2018; Rull et al, 2018) and composition of associated microbiota (Gallo‐Franco & Toro‐Perea, 2020; Ventura et al, 2018) has been obtained; in addition, mechanisms to control this pest, such as using chemical attractants, the sterile insect technique (Gallardo‐Ortiz et al, 2018b, 2018a) or biological control (Cancino et al, 2019; Murillo et al, 2019), have also been studied. All these works were conducted to understand the biology of this species and address the problem it represents for commercial crops.…”

Oviposition of Anastrepha oblicua (Macquart, 1835) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in fruits of Spondias purpurea L. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae)

“…Por otro lado, la presencia de esta especie en huertas de mango son motivo de estricta cuarentena por parte de Estados Unidos de América (Aphis, 1994). Debido a su impacto económico y su capacidad de ser polífaga, A. obliqua ha sido ampliamente estudiada, y hay datos sobre su distribución en el continente americano (Santos et al, 2019), variación genética intraespecífica y estructura poblacional (Martins de Almeida et al, 2019;Passos et al, 2018;Ruiz-Arce et al, 2019;Velasco-Cuervo et al, 2019), interacciones ecológicas (Campanini et al, 2017;Mesquita et al, 2018;da Vargas et al, 2019), comportamientos reproductivos asociados a la planta hospedera (Hernández et al, 2019); mecanismos para el control de esta plaga, como el uso de atrayentes químicos, la técnica del insecto estéril (Gallardo-Ortiz et al, 2018b, 2018a o el control biológico (Cancino et al 2019;Murillo et al, 2019). La comprensión sobre la ecología y el comportamiento de esta especie en Panamá está supeditada en muchas ocasiones a informaciones externas, por ello, es importante reportar sucesos de biología básica para un mayor entendimiento de nuestro entorno y de esa forma buscar alternativas ecológicas para el control de especies como esta.…”