Diversity Matters in Academic Radiology: Acknowledging and Addressing Unconscious Bias

Abstract

To meet challenges related to changing demographics, and to optimize the promise of diversity, radiologists must bridge the gap between numbers of women and historically underrepresented minorities in radiology and radiation oncology as contrasted with other medical specialties. Research reveals multiple ways that women and underrepresented minorities can benefit radiology education, research, and practice. To achieve those benefits, promising practices promote developing and implementing strategies that support diversity as an institutional priority and cultivate shared responsibility among all members to create inclusive learning and workplace environments. Strategies also include providing professional development to empower and equip members to accomplish diversity-related goals. Among topics for professional development about diversity, unconscious bias has shown positive results. Unconscious bias refers to ways humans unknowingly draw upon assumptions about individuals and groups to make decisions about them. Researchers have documented unconscious bias in a variety of contexts and professions, including health care, in which they have studied differential treatment, diagnosis, prescribed care, patient well-being and compliance, physician-patient interactions, clinical decision making, and medical school education. These studies demonstrate unfavorable impacts on members of underrepresented groups and women. Learning about and striving to counteract unconscious bias points to promising practices for increasing the numbers of women and underrepresented minorities in the radiology and radiation oncology workforce.

Advancing from gender equity to women in leadership in pediatric radiology

“…The topic of unconscious bias has emerged in discussions related to gender discrepancies in physician leadership [7,8]. Anti-bias training for practices that employ physicians has become perfunctory at many institutions but is not universal.…”

Female Representation and Implicit Gender Bias at the 2017 American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons’ Annual Scientific and Tripartite Meeting

“…8 Implicit bias contributes to gender inequity in academic medicine across many different specialties. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Implicit bias refers to subconscious, unintentional pervasive beliefs or stereotypes that impact an individual's actions toward certain groups. 15,16 A recent study of video-archived internal medicine grand rounds at an academic medical center found that male physicians were significantly more likely to introduce female physician speakers informally (by their name only), compared to male speakers, who were more likely to be introduced by a professional title.…”

Achieving gender equity in the radiation oncology physician workforce

“…Unconscious bias refers to ways that humans unknowingly draw upon assumptions about individuals and groups to make decisions about them. 12 Bias exists at various stages of the pipeline in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields 13 and may affect RO gender representation via multiple mechanisms. Unconscious biases may result in qualified women (1) being perceived as less competitive for and (2) less likely to apply to RO residency programs.…”