Diverging fortunes? Economic well-being of Latinos and African Americans in new rural destinations

Crowley, Martha; Lichter, Daniel T.; Turner, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.11.007

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Only two analyses of which we are aware measure the magnitude as well as the structure of diversity for rural communities. In an examination of the relationship between ethnoracial diversity and residential segregation, Parisi, Lichter, and Tacquino () utilize a detailed structural typology and entropy index scores to describe diversity change in nonmetro (and metro) places between 1990 and 2010. They observe a rise in the number of four‐group places, a decline in all‐white and mixed‐white places, and increases in average diversity levels for nearly every type of place (with all‐Hispanic and all‐black places the lone exceptions).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

Sharp

Lee

2016

Rural Sociology

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Much of the research on ethnoracial diversity in nonmetropolitan America consists of case studies describing how the arrival of Hispanics has transformed a particular community. To complement this work, we examine the dimensions and sources of diversity for a sample of 10,000 nonmetro places. Two dimensions of diversity—magnitude and structure—are identified, and hypotheses about their changes and correlates are drawn from the spatial assimilation and locational persistence perspectives and relevant scholarship. Our analysis of 1990–2010 decennial census and American Community Survey data documents a pervasive upward trend in diversity magnitude. However, places tend to follow parallel rather than identical diversity trajectories and to retain the same type of racial-ethnic structure in 2010 that they exhibited 20 years earlier. Fixed effects regression models show that ethnoracial diversity gains are most likely in nonmetro communities with plentiful economic opportunities, fewer old residents, and growing total, foreign-born, and correctional populations. These correlates hold for micropolitan and rural places and across census regions. Though our results largely conform to locational persistence logic, we find that spatial assimilation still has some merit, underscoring the importance of incorporating multiple theoretical models in a segmented change perspective on nonmetropolitan diversity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

Sharp

Lee

2016

Rural Sociology

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“…Second, the geographic distribution of immigrants is becoming more dispersed as receiving destinations diversify from traditional gateways to new destinations, especially in the South and Midwest (McConnell 2008). This diversification has also occurred on a subregional basis as immigrants, especially Hispanics, have begun to flock to small and medium sized cities (Massey 2008) as well as to suburban and even rural areas (Crowley et al 2015). …”

Section: Potential Joint Explanations For Recent Trends In Crime Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Declines in Crime and Teen Childbearing: Identifying Potential Explanations for Contemporaneous Trends

2016

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Objectives The previous 25 years have witnessed remarkable upheavals in the social landscape of the United States. Two of the most notable trends have been dramatic declines in levels of crime as well as teen childbearing. Much remains unknown about the underlying conditions that might be driving these changes. More importantly, we do not know if the same distal factors that are responsible for the drop in the crime rate are similarly implicated in falling rates of teen births. We examine four overarching potential explanations: fluctuations in economic opportunity, shifting population demographics, differences in state-level policies, and changes in expectations regarding health and mortality. Methods We combine state-specific data from existing secondary sources and model trajectories of violent crime, homicides, robberies, and teen fertility over a 20-year period from 1990 to 2010 using simultaneous fixed-effects regression models. Results We find that 4 of the 21 predictors examined - growth in the service sector of the labor market, increasing racial diversity especially among Hispanics, escalating levels of migration, and the expansion of family planning services to low-income women – offer the most convincing explanations for why rates of violent crime and teen births have been steadily decreasing over time. Moreover, we are able to account for almost a quarter of the joint declines in violent crime and teen births. Conclusions Our conclusions underscore the far reaching effects that aggregate level demographic conditions and policies are likely to have on important social trends that might, at first glance, seem unrelated. Furthermore, the effects of policy efforts designed to target outcomes in one area are likely to spill over into other domains.

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“…Lichter () and Crowley et al. () also indicate that growing numbers of Latinos appear to be settling in rural and metropolitan areas outside of recognized “gateways,” such as in the cities of states like Iowa, Nebraska, North Carolina, Oklahoma and Arkansas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic and Spatial Assimilation of Immigrants from Central America's Northern Triangle

Obinna

Field

2019

International Migration

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With declines in migration from Mexico, the countries of the Northern Triangle of Central America (NTCA) – El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala – are now responsible for some of the largest increases in the population density of Latinos in the United States. Using data from the 5‐year estimates of the 2016 American Community Survey and the Atlas of Rural and Small‐Town America, this article provides a spatial framework for settlement among NTCA immigrants in America. Findings illustrate that, unlike previous streams of Latino migration, which tended to be more agriculturally driven, NTCA immigrants are likely to choose settlement destinations in densely populated counties which support manufacturing rather than those which are farming dependent. We also find that while NTCA communities are predominant in new destinations like Prince Georges and Montgomery counties Maryland, they are also dominant in older Latino destinations like Harris County, Texas and Los Angeles county, California.

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Diverging fortunes? Economic well-being of Latinos and African Americans in new rural destinations

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

Declines in Crime and Teen Childbearing: Identifying Potential Explanations for Contemporaneous Trends

Geographic and Spatial Assimilation of Immigrants from Central America's Northern Triangle

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