New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

Sharp, Gregory; Lee, Barrett A.

doi:10.1111/ruso.12141

Cited by 44 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Although less heterogeneous than urban areas, the demographic composition of rural communities is becoming more diverse, driven in large part by populations that have not historically lived in rural communities ( 1 , 5 ). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities Among Rural Adults — United States, 2012–2015

James

Moonesinghe

Wilson‐Frederick

et al. 2017

MMWR Surveill. Summ.

216

183

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Problem/ConditionRural communities often have worse health outcomes, have less access to care, and are less diverse than urban communities. Much of the research on rural health disparities examines disparities between rural and urban communities, with fewer studies on disparities within rural communities. This report provides an overview of racial/ethnic health disparities for selected indicators in rural areas of the United States.Reporting Period2012–2015.Description of SystemSelf-reported data from the 2012–2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were pooled to evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in health, access to care, and health-related behaviors among rural residents in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Using the National Center for Health Statistics 2013 Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties to assess rurality, this analysis focused on adults living in noncore (rural) counties.ResultsRacial/ethnic minorities who lived in rural areas were younger (more often in the youngest age group) than non-Hispanic whites. Except for Asians and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (combined in the analysis), more racial/ethnic minorities (compared with non-Hispanic whites) reported their health as fair or poor, that they had obesity, and that they were unable to see a physician in the past 12 months because of cost. All racial/ethnic minority populations were less likely than non-Hispanic whites to report having a personal health care provider. Non-Hispanic whites had the highest estimated prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days.InterpretationAlthough persons in rural communities often have worse health outcomes and less access to health care than those in urban communities, rural racial/ethnic minority populations have substantial health, access to care, and lifestyle challenges that can be overlooked when considering aggregated population data. This study revealed difficulties among non-Hispanic whites as well, primarily related to health-related risk behaviors. Across each population, the challenges vary.Public Health ActionStratifying data by different demographics, using community health needs assessments, and adopting and implementing the National Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Standards can help rural communities identify disparities and develop effective initiatives to eliminate them, which aligns with a Healthy People 2020 overarching goal: achieving health equity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities Among Rural Adults — United States, 2012–2015

James

Moonesinghe

Wilson‐Frederick

et al. 2017

MMWR Surveill. Summ.

216

183

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The relatively flat trend in concentrated poverty among the rural and to a lesser extent micropolitan Hispanic population is particularly notable given that the period we examine included a major economic crisis. This finding is also notable since it corresponds with the continued expansion of the Hispanic population into new and often rural destinations (Johnson and Lichter 2008;Monnat 2017;Sharp and Lee 2016). Future research should work to identify the processes that explain the disproportionately small increase in exposure to concentrated poverty among rural Hispanics during this period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Spatial Concentration of America's Rural Poor Population: A Postrecession Update

2017

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This article examines changes in concentrated poverty in the rural United States between 2000 and 2012. Using data from the decennial census and American Community Survey, we address three main objectives. First, we document changes in the number and share of counties with poverty rates above 20, 30, and 40 percent, stratifying our sample by metropolitan status. Second, we use exploratory spatial methods to identify geographic patterns in county‐level poverty dynamics between 2000 and 2012. Third, we estimate the share of the population living in high‐poverty counties, and track changes over time and by race and poverty status. Overall, we find a substantial increase in concentrated poverty since 2000. Increases in both the number of high‐poverty counties and the share of the population living in these counties were widespread, though spatially and temporally uneven in some cases. We also observe convergence in concentrated poverty between rural and micropolitan areas, and between non‐Hispanic white and Hispanic populations. Overall, we observe a reversal of the declines in concentrated poverty that occurred in the 1990s, and find that in many cases this trend began prior to the Great Recession.

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“…Members of our project team have begun to tackle another relevant but under-researched issue: the characteristics of communities—including counties—associated with variation in diversity magnitude and structure (see, e.g., Sharp & Lee, forthcoming). Specifically, how does ethnoracial diversity change over time in response to changes in institutions (e.g., college growth), economic opportunities (as implied by spatial assimilation), or other features of a community and its neighbors?…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial Diffusion of Racial and Ethnic Diversity Across U.S. Counties

2016

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Although increasing racial and ethnic diversity is a demographic trend with society-wide implications, it has advanced farther in some parts of the United States than others. Our research seeks to understand this unevenness at the local level. Drawing on 1980-2010 census data, we use an innovative spatial analytic approach to examine the spread or diffusion of diversity across counties in the 48 contiguous states. Three perspectives—locational persistence, spatial assimilation, and institutional hub—offer different expectations about the nature of the diffusion process. The perspectives are evaluated by mapping changes in the magnitude and structure of diversity and by tracing county transitions between types of diversity clusters. We document considerable stability in diversity patterns over a 30-year period, consistent with the logic of locational persistence. But support is also found for the spatial assimilation and institutional hub models in the form of cluster-type transitions that reflect contagious diffusion and hierarchical diffusion, respectively.

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New Faces in Rural Places: Patterns and Sources of Nonmetropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity since 1990

Cited by 44 publications

References 65 publications

Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities Among Rural Adults — United States, 2012–2015

Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities Among Rural Adults — United States, 2012–2015

The Spatial Concentration of America's Rural Poor Population: A Postrecession Update

The Spatial Diffusion of Racial and Ethnic Diversity Across U.S. Counties

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