Diurnal Patterns of Ruminal Concentrations and Portal Appearance Rates of Short-chain Fatty Acids in Sheep Fed a Hay or a Concentrate/Straw Diet in Two Meals Daily

Kristensen, Niels Bastian; Danfær, A.; Agergaard, N.

doi:10.1080/09064709609415875

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The small intestine exhibited significant uptake of arterial acetate, and 3-hydroxybutyrate. These data are consistent with the data of Kristensen et al (1996Kristensen et al ( , 2000b showing the uptake of arterial acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate by the PDV tissues. Non-rumen and non-MDV tissues include organs where VFA absorption takes place (omasum, abomasum, and large intestine) and tissues that are potential users of arterial acetate and ketone bodies.…”

Section: Daily Net Fluxessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Diurnal variations of portal net release of VFA across the PDV were consistent with the observations of Kristensen et al (1996) in sheep fed twice daily, the highest values being recorded 2-3 h after feeding. The rumen accounted for 77 % of the portal increase in VFA net release observed in response to the meal.…”

Section: Dynamic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…As generally reported for ruminants fed twice daily (Kristensen et al 1996;Han et al 2001), PBF was increased by feeding, a peak value being observed around 2 h after the beginning of the meal. Concerning the partitioning of PBF, the rumen's contribution increased from 13 to 27 % when the pre-feeding and the 1·5 h postfeeding levels were compared.…”

Section: Dynamic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 79%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Digestion and nutrient net fluxes across the rumen, and the mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in sheep fed with fresh forage twice daily: net balance and dynamic aspects

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Digestion and portal net flux of nutrients were studied in sheep fed twice daily with fresh orchard-grass. Digestive flows were measured in six fistulated sheep using the double-marker technique. Three sheep were fitted with catheters and blood-flow probes, allowing nutrient net flux measurements across the portal-drained viscera (PDV), the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV) and the rumen. Total tract apparent digestion of N was similar to portal net appearance of N, calculated as the sum of free amino acids (FAA), peptide amino acids (PAA), NH 3 , and urea net fluxes. PAA accounted for 25 % of non-protein amino acid net release across the PDV. With the exception of glycine and glutamate, the small intestine was the main contributor to this PAA net release. The essential amino acid (EAA) apparent disappearance between the duodenum and the ileum was lower than the net appearance of EAA (FAA + PAA) across the MDV. The value of PDV:MDV flux of free EAA was, on average, 78 %. The rumen accounted for 30 % of the net uptake of EAA by the PDV tissues not drained by the mesenteric vein. Rumen net release of acetate, propionate, butyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and lactate accounted for 70, 55, 46, 77 and 52 %, respectively, of their portal net releases. Conversely, the small intestine was a net consumer of arterial acetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. Dynamic study of nutrient net fluxes across the PDV showed that throughout a feeding cycle, the liver faced a constant flux of amino acids (AA), whereas volatile fatty acid and NH 3 net fluxes varied in response to the meal. The present study specified, in forage-fed sheep, the partitioning of nutrient net fluxes across the PDV and the role of peptides in portal net release of AA.Amino acids: Volatile fatty acids: Absorption: Portal-drained viscera: SheepThe gastrointestinal tract, the interface between the diet and the animal, significantly modifies (quantitatively and qualitatively) the pattern of nutrients between the gut lumen and the bloodstream (Seal & Reynolds, 1993). In ruminants, although the portal-drained viscera (PDV) represent less than 10 % of body weight, and about 5 % of body protein mass, they account for one-quarter of total energy expenditure and one-third of total protein synthesis. This high metabolic activity of the gastrointestinal tract generates specific requirements in energy substrates and amino acids (AA). Thus, the portal appearance of volatile fatty acids (VFA), the main energy supply in ruminants, is lower than the amount produced in the gut, each of the individual VFA being metabolised to different extents by

show abstract

Section: Daily Net Fluxessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Dynamic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Dynamic Aspectssupporting

confidence: 79%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digestion and nutrient net fluxes across the rumen, and the mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in sheep fed with fresh forage twice daily: net balance and dynamic aspects

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Blood flows were either measured by flow probes [28] or by dilution methods [14,29]. Additionally, blood samples were collected from the catheter in most cases by spot sampling rather than continuous sampling, for immediate or further blood metabolite determination.…”

Section: The Publications Used In Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

Conception and development of a bibliographic database of blood nutrient fluxes across organs and tissues in ruminants: data gathering and management prior to meta-analysis

Vernet

Ortigues-Marty

2006

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-In the organism, nutrient exchanges among tissues and organs are subject to numerous sources of physiological or nutritional variation, and the contribution of individual factors needs to be quantified before establishing general response laws. To achieve this, meta-analysis of data from publications is a useful tool. The objective of this work was to develop a bibliographic database of nutrient fluxes across organs and tissues of ruminant animals (Flora) under Access using the Merise method. The most important criteria for Flora were the ease to relate the various information, the exhaustivity and the accuracy of the data input, a complete description of the diets, taking into account the methods of the methodological procedures of measurement and analysis of blood nutrients and the traceability of the information. The conceptual data model was built in 6 parts. The first part describes the authors and source of publication, and the person in charge of data input. It clearly separates and identifies the experiments, the groups of animals and the treatments within a publication. The second part is concerned with feeds, diets and their chemical composition and nutritional value. The third and fourth parts describe the infusion of any substrates and the methods employed, respectively. The fifth part is devoted to the results of blood flows and nutrient fluxes. The sixth part gathers miscellaneous experimental information. All these parts are inter-connected. To model this database, the Merise method was utilised and 26 entities and 32 relationships were created. At the physical level, 93 tables were created, corresponding, for the majority, to entities and relationships of the data model. They were divided into reference tables (n = 65) and data tables (n = 28). Data processing was developed in Flora and included the control of the data, generic calculations of unknown data from given data, the automation of the estimation of the missing data or the chemical composition of the diets. It also included the construction of tables for meta-analyses and the study of the variations of several factors within publications (pre-coding of meta-analyses). Overall, the system was built to facilitate the gathering, input, validation, management and retrieval of data from publications.bibliography / database / Merise / Access / net nutrient fluxes

show abstract

“…The sheep were fed a hay diet (H) (1.5 kg hay day" 1 ) followed by a concentrate/straw diet (CS) (1.0 kg concentrate and 1.0 kg straw day" 1 ) (Kristensen et al, 1996b) with an adaptation period to each diet of at least 21 days. The two diets were planned to give low and high rumen butyrate concentrations, respectively.…”

Section: Animals and Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐chain fatty acids in sheep: Portal appearance rates following high intraruminal loads

Kristensen¹,

Danfær²,

Agergaard³

1998

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The portal recovery of SCFA (short-chain fatty acids) infused intraruminally as a single load was investigated in sheep adapted to a hay (H) or a concentrate/straw (CS) diet. The treatments were control (saline), 1.4 mol and 2.4 mol of SCFA (in % 65:20:15 acetate, propionate and butyrate). Three rumen cannulated and multi-catheterized sheep were used. Portal and arterial blood as well as rumen liquid was sampled during a period of 480 min following the loads. The PDV (portal-drained viscera) metabolism of arterial acetate and the ILR (irreversible loss rate) of arterial acetate were estimated by intravenous infusion of sodium-acetate [1-13 C]. The portal blood flow rate was measured using ultrasonic transit time flow probes. The portal blood flow rate increased by 60-70% following the intraruminal loads of SCFA compared with the preinfusion level. The portal recovery of arterial acetate increased to 0.84 ± 0.02 and 0.95 ± 0.01 in samples obtained 5 min after an intraruminal load of 1.4 or 2.4 mol SCFA, respectively. Arterial concentrations as high as 3.5, 1.0 and 0.7 mmol 1 -1 of acetate, propionate and butyrate, respectively, were measured following the loads. The portal appearance of SCFA appeared to be down-regulated during the period from 20-120 min following the load of 2.4 mol SCFA. The portal recovery of infused acetate and propionate decreased with increasing amounts of infused SCFA. Recoveries were estimated as 0.46 to 0.59 for acetate, 0.52 to 0.61 for propionate and 0.28 to 0.36 for butyrate. Only the recovery of acetate was affected by diet and the recovery increased (0.05 ± 0.02) when the sheep were adapted to the CS diet (P < 0.05). A model of the regulation of SCFA absorption from the rumen implicating a role of peripheral butyrate is discussed in the context of the results from the present study and from literature data.

show abstract

Diurnal Patterns of Ruminal Concentrations and Portal Appearance Rates of Short-chain Fatty Acids in Sheep Fed a Hay or a Concentrate/Straw Diet in Two Meals Daily

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Digestion and nutrient net fluxes across the rumen, and the mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in sheep fed with fresh forage twice daily: net balance and dynamic aspects

Digestion and nutrient net fluxes across the rumen, and the mesenteric- and portal-drained viscera in sheep fed with fresh forage twice daily: net balance and dynamic aspects

Conception and development of a bibliographic database of blood nutrient fluxes across organs and tissues in ruminants: data gathering and management prior to meta-analysis

Short‐chain fatty acids in sheep: Portal appearance rates following high intraruminal loads

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About