Distribution of Pseudocercospora fruit and leaf spot, Phytophthora foot rot and scab diseases and their effect on Citrus tree decline prevalence in the humid zones of Cameroon

Ndo, Eunice Golda Danièle; Manga, M. Bella; Nkeng, Michel Ndoumbé; Cilas, Christian

doi:10.17660/th2019/74.5.5

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The disease results in the early fall of affected leaves and fruits and the deformation of fruits. In Cameroon, PLFSD has been reported in the western highland zone since 1969 [6]. Its damage on susceptible varieties can result in 100% crop loss in areas of high incidence [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common citrus cropping systems in Cameroon are complex and diversified agroforestry systems based on cocoa or coffee. [6,13]. These are multi-species agroforestry systems with a great diversity of horizontal and vertical spatial structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shade trees can also increase soil nutrient levels by producing large amounts of litter that can significantly increase crop productivity and vigor, improving resistance to pests and disease [17,20]. Likewise, the barrier effect of shade trees has been highlighted [6,14]. The effect of shade on pest and disease intensity, however, depends on the pathogen species [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Distribution of Citrus Pseudocercospora Leaf and Fruit Spot Disease and Shade Effect on Disease Intensity

Ndo

Mvondo

Manga

et al. 2023

Crops

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Adapting agricultural systems to face persistent environmental hazards is at the center of global concerns. In line with this, understanding and highlighting the structural characteristics of agroforestry systems could strengthen their resilience in terms of disease management. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of shade on the intensity of citrus leaf and fruit spot disease caused by Pseudocercospora (PLFSD). Investigations to assess the effects of shade components on the incidence of PLFSD were carried out on 15-year-old tangerine trees in a cocoa-based agroforestry plot (Bokito) during four fruits seasons. Tangerines under the shade of large forest trees were compared to others located under full sunlight. A complementary experiment was conducted on young grapefruit plants in an orchard with mango and avocado groves in Foumbot. Three shading conditions, i.e., under avocado trees, under mango trees, and without shade, were explored. Data on shade and PLFSD incidence were collected and analyzed. Our findings show that PLFSD incidence was null on tangerine leaves from trees under shade compared to those under full sunlight. The same trends were observed in fruits under shade and under full sunlight. Disease incidence on grapefruit leaves was lower on trees under shade compared to those under full sunlight. In short, shade trees appear to constitute potential physical barriers to disease progression. This study also highlights disease spatial distribution as beyond 12 m of distance between neighboring trees, no spatial dependence of disease spread was observed. Management actions based on the distance between citrus trees and regulating shade are envisaged.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Distribution of Citrus Pseudocercospora Leaf and Fruit Spot Disease and Shade Effect on Disease Intensity

Ndo

Mvondo

Manga

et al. 2023

Crops

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“…Pseudocercospora leaf and fruit spot disease (PLFSD) caused by Pseudocercospora angolensis, citrus scab disease caused by Elsinoe spp. ; and citrus diseases caused by Phytophthora (CDP) caused by Phytophthora spp., are the main soil diseases on citrus in Cameroon (Figure 1) [7,[21][22][23][24][25]. Damages caused by these diseases result in heavy crop losses [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to reduced yields from the beginning of infection, the economic viability of orchards is reduced following tree death [7,32,35]. This strong and constantly changing diseases pressure, which not only causes enormous economic losses, but also leads (in the case of PLFSD) to quarantine and a ban on the export of citrus products to other production areas [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Management Approach to Citrus Fungal Diseases by Optimizing Cocoa-Based Agroforests Structural Characteristics

Danièle¹,

Etienne²

2021

Citrus - Research, Development and Biotechnology

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The health and productivity of citrus are generally jeopardized by a host of diseases, for which the environmental conditions of the cropping system are critical drivers. Several studies conducted on various diseases of perennial crops have shown the involvement of the structural futures of the cocoa-based agroforestry system (CBAFS) in the spread of pathogens and the epidemics development. This chapter highlights the effect of the CBAFS’s structural characteristics on the intensity of three citrus diseases in the humid forest zones of Cameroon. The involvement of CBAFS structural characteristics in diseases regulation is demonstrated. In particular, the spatial structure of citrus in agroforests shows an effect on the spread of diseases. Moreover, distribution of citrus in the CBAFS, with minimum spacing of 12 m between citrus trees, limits the damage caused by Pseudocercospora leaf and fruit spot disease (PLFSD) and citrus diseases caused by Phytophthora (CDP). Dense shading helps to minimize the intensity of diseases such as CDP and PLFSD and Citrus scab disease. This work may make it possible to contribute to the development of an integrated management tool for citrus diseases in an associated crop context.

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Farmer’s strategies in the choice of citrus spatial structures in cocoa-based agroforests in Cameroon

et al. 2023

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Distribution of Pseudocercospora fruit and leaf spot, Phytophthora foot rot and scab diseases and their effect on Citrus tree decline prevalence in the humid zones of Cameroon

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Spatial Distribution of Citrus Pseudocercospora Leaf and Fruit Spot Disease and Shade Effect on Disease Intensity

Spatial Distribution of Citrus Pseudocercospora Leaf and Fruit Spot Disease and Shade Effect on Disease Intensity

Integrated Management Approach to Citrus Fungal Diseases by Optimizing Cocoa-Based Agroforests Structural Characteristics

Farmer’s strategies in the choice of citrus spatial structures in cocoa-based agroforests in Cameroon

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