Distribution of erm genes and low prevalence of inducible resistance to clindamycin among staphylococci isolates

Coutinho, Vivian de Lima Spode; Paiva, Rodrigo Minuto; Reiter, Keli Cristine; de‐Paris, Fernanda; Barth, Afonso Luís; Machado, Alice Beatriz Mombach Pinheiro

doi:10.1016/s1413-8670(10)70113-6

Cited by 27 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…not detect the iMLS B phenotype 8 . The iMLS B phenotype may limit the effectiveness of CL, thereby increasing the chance of therapeutic failures 12 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Clindamycin (CL) is the preferred agent for the treatment of MRSA due to its excellent pharmacokinetic properties, such as optimal tissue penetration and accumulation in abscesses 5,6 . Furthermore, CL is a frequent choice for treating staphylococcal infections because this antibiotic can be orally administered and is well tolerated 7,8 . However, the indiscriminate use of MLS B antibiotics has led to an increase in the number of Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of constitutive and inducible resistance to clindamycin in clinical samples of Staphylococcus aureus from a tertiary hospital

Bottega

Rodrigues

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become common in hospitals and the community environment, and this wide resistance has limited patient treatment. Clindamycin (CL) represents an important alternative therapy for infections caused by S. aureus. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard methods may not detect inducible CL resistance. This study was performed to detect the phenotypes of resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B (MLS B ) antibiotics, including CL, in clinical samples of S. aureus from patients at a tertiary hospital in Santa Maria, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: One hundred and forty clinical isolates were submitted to the disk diffusion induction test (D-test) with an erythromycin (ER) disk positioned at a distance of 20mm from a CL disk. The results were interpreted according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: In this study, 29 (20.7%) of the 140 S. aureus samples were resistant to methicillin (MRSA), and 111 (79.3%) were susceptible to methicillin (MSSA). The constitutive resistance phenotype (cMLS B ) was observed in 20 (14.3%) MRSA samples and in 5 (3.6%) MSSA samples, whereas the inducible resistance phenotype (iMLS B ) was observed in 3 (2.1%) MRSA samples and in 8 (5.8%) MSSA samples. Conclusions: The D-test is essential for detecting the iMLS B phenotype because the early identifi cation of this phenotype allows clinicians to choose an appropriate treatment for patients. Furthermore, this test is simple, easy to perform and inexpensive.

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“…not detect the iMLS B phenotype 8 . The iMLS B phenotype may limit the effectiveness of CL, thereby increasing the chance of therapeutic failures 12 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of constitutive and inducible resistance to clindamycin in clinical samples of Staphylococcus aureus from a tertiary hospital

Bottega

Rodrigues

Carvalho

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…One (6.25%) containing ermA gene and four (25%) ermC gene; the ermB gene was not detected in our study. Coutinho et al (2010) identified the presence of ermA gene in 29.6% of samples. Regarding the genotypic test, our index showed 67% of sensitivity and 86% of specificity, when compared to D-test, which was considered a reference in this study.…”

Section: Analysis Of Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (Mls B ) Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ermABC genes determination was carried out according to Coutinho et al (2010) Primers' sequence was: ermA_F 5'-GTT CAA GAA CAA TCA ATA CAG AG-3' and ermA_R 5'-GGA TCA GGA AAA GGA CAT TTT AC-3'; ermB_F 5'-CCG TTT ACG AAA TTG GAA CAG GTA AAG GGC-3' and ermB_R '5-GAA TCG AGA CTT GAG TGT GC-3'; ermC_F 5'-GCT AAT ATT GTT TAA ATC GTC AAT TCC-3' and ermC_R 5'-GGA TCA GGA AAA GGA CAT TTT AC-3'.…”

Section: Detection Of Macrolide-lincosamidestreptogramin B (Mls B ) Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the MS B phenotype was not detected by DD test (Table III). Coutinho et al (2010) analysis of CoNS through the DD method found three different phenotypes, distributed as follows: 46.7% cMLS B and 3.3% of the other two phenotypes (iMLS B and MS B ). Through the automated method, our study detected 31.25% (5 of 16) iMLS B and 6.25% (1 of 16) MS B (Table III).…”

Section: Analysis Of Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (Mls B ) Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial susceptibility profile and research of mec A and erm genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from platelet concentrates bags

Martini

Hörner

Graichen³

2017

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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In recent years, several studies have described the clinical impact of bacterial infection associated with transfusion of platelet concentrates (PCs). Among the blood components, PCs are responsible for the highest rates of bacterial contamination as well as septic transfusion reactions. We assessed antimicrobial susceptibility profile, resistance to methicillin (MRCoNS), and resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins of group B (MLS B ) of 16 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates from an investigation in 691 PCs bags. We then compared conventional and automated phenotypic methods, disc diffusion test (DD) and VITEK® 2, respectively as well as phenotypic and genotypic methods (Polymerase Chain Reaction -PCR). All CoNS were susceptible to vancomycin. The disc diffusion test characterized 18.75% as MRCoNS and 37.5% with inducible resistance to MLS B (iMLS B ), and with VITEK® 2, 6.3% and 31.25%, respectively. The mecA gene was detected in 18.75% and the erm gene in 31.25% of the isolates. In this study, we found equal percentage values between presence of the mecA gene by PCR and resistance to methicillin using cefoxitin by DD test, evidence of the erm gene by PCR, and iMLS B resistance by automation (VITEK® 2). Moreover, we identified three strains with beta-lactamase overproduction, and the occurrence of a bigger mistake was verified when automation was compared with DD test. And we observed that D-test was the most reliable for the detection of iMLS B resistance in Staphylococcus sp.

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Epidemiological and molecular characterization of community and hospital acquired Staphylococcus aureus strains prevailing in Shenyang, Northeastern China

Sun¹,

Xue²,

Hu³

et al. 2013

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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In order to obtain adequate information for the treatment of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, it is crucial to identify trends in epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance patterns of local S. aureus strains. Community and hospital acquired S. aureus isolates (n=202) were characterized using staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, spa typing and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination. The prevalence of the Panton-Valentine leukocidine (pvl) and several antibiotic resistance genes among the isolates were also detected by PCR. All of the S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid. Three hospital isolates were resistant to teicoplanin while 14 showed intermediate resistance to teicoplanin. The resistance patterns of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) isolates to other antimicrobials were similar to those of hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) isolates except for clindamycin and gentamicin. There was excellent correlation between phenotypes and genotypes in the determination of S. aureus resistance to erythromycin, gentamicin, and tetracycline. The SCCmec type II and SCCmec type IV were the predominant types detected in hospital and community isolates, respectively. The most frequently encountered spa types were t002 and t030 both in HA- and CA-MRSA isolates. Pulsotype A was the most predominant pulsotype identified among the isolates tested, followed by pulsotype B. Seventy-two hospital isolates (19 HA-MRSA and 53 HA-MSSA) and 10 CA-MRSA were positive for the pvl gene. This study shows that the combination of susceptibility testing and various molecular methods has provided useful information on the antibiotic resistance and molecular diversity of S. aureus in a specific region of China. The high proportion of pvl positive MSSA and MRSA isolates observed in this study indicates that adequate measures are needed to curtail the spread of those MRSA and MSSA clones prevailing both in hospital and the community.

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Distribution of erm genes and low prevalence of inducible resistance to clindamycin among staphylococci isolates

Abstract: The prevalence of the ermA, ermB and ermC genes were 29.6%, 17.1% and 0.66% respectively, and constitutive resistance was the most frequent as compared to the other two phenotypes.

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of constitutive and inducible resistance to clindamycin in clinical samples of Staphylococcus aureus from a tertiary hospital

Evaluation of constitutive and inducible resistance to clindamycin in clinical samples of Staphylococcus aureus from a tertiary hospital

Antimicrobial susceptibility profile and research of mec A and erm genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from platelet concentrates bags

Epidemiological and molecular characterization of community and hospital acquired Staphylococcus aureus strains prevailing in Shenyang, Northeastern China

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