Distribuição territorial de fisioterapeutas no Brasil: análise do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde CNES/2010

Abstract

Introdução: A oferta de ações de saúde no Brasil apresenta desigualdades regionais, sendo importante sua investigação para direcionamento de políticas públicas. Objetivo: Descrever a distribuição de fisioterapeutas, a porcentagem de municípios que dispõe deste profissional e a razão de fisioterapeutas por 1.000 habitantes nas regiões e unidades federativas do Brasil. Método: Foi realizado estudo transversal descritivo de dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e Censo Demográfico 2010. Foram aplicadas técnicas estatísticas descritivas. Resultados: Identificou-se 53.181 cadastros de fisioterapeutas, sendo 50% Sudeste, 21% Nordeste, 18% Sul, 7% Centro-Oeste e 4% Norte. Verificaram-se fisioterapeutas em 76% dos municípios, com maior cobertura no Sudeste (91% dos municípios) e a menor no Norte (40%). Metrópoles e municípios de grande porte concentraram 64% dos cadastros, apresentando as maiores razões de fisioterapeutas/1000 habitantes. Conclusão: Sudeste, Sul, metrópoles e municípios de grande porte foram os principais locais de atuação de fisioterapeutas, indicando a necessidade de políticas que promovam uma distribuição mais equânime.

Distribuição dos investimentos públicos em fisioterapia e cobertura da saúde suplementar no Brasil: série histórica de 2010 a 2015

“…Such findings corroborate our research results about the discrepancies of values invested in physical therapy care in distinct Brazilian regions. In Tavares et al 16 , the South region presented the highest number of physical therapists per 1,000 inhabitants and the highest amount spent on physical therapy per 100 inhabitants 16 . Paradoxically, in our research, the Midwest region presented the smallest amount spent on physical therapy, even being only behind the South and Southeast regions in number of physical therapists per 1,000 inhabitants 16 .…”

“…In Tavares et al 16 , the South region presented the highest number of physical therapists per 1,000 inhabitants and the highest amount spent on physical therapy per 100 inhabitants 16 . Paradoxically, in our research, the Midwest region presented the smallest amount spent on physical therapy, even being only behind the South and Southeast regions in number of physical therapists per 1,000 inhabitants 16 . Such a result can prove that values spent on physical therapy have other determining factors besides professionals' availability, being, in any case, an indicative of the lack of equity in the distribution of these resources.…”

“…We observed the presence of physical therapists in 76% of Brazilian municipalities, with greater coverage (91%) to Southeast municipalities and smaller coverage (40%) to the Northeast region. The highest percentage of professionals was found in capitals and big cities 16 . The research major conclusion refers to the investments needed to expand the presence of physical therapy more equitably in all Brazilian regions, and in medium and small size municipalities 16 .…”

“…The highest percentage of professionals was found in capitals and big cities 16 . The research major conclusion refers to the investments needed to expand the presence of physical therapy more equitably in all Brazilian regions, and in medium and small size municipalities 16 . Such findings corroborate our research results about the discrepancies of values invested in physical therapy care in distinct Brazilian regions.…”

“…Besides, another issue to consider about the differences between the amounts paid to physical therapists in diverse Brazilian regions is the distribution of physical therapists themselves. In the study by Tavares et al 16 , a research on these professionals' distribution according to the National Register of Health Establishments (CNES) 16 was carried out. The results showed that, of a total of 53,181 physical therapists registered, 50% are in the Southeast Region, 21% in the Northeast, 18% in the South, 7% in the Midwest, and only 4% in the North region.…”