Distinguishing Features of Anterior Uveitis Caused by Herpes Simplex Virus, Varicella-Zoster Virus, and Cytomegalovirus

Terada, Yukiko; Kaburaki, Toshikatsu; Takase, Hiroshi; Gotô, Hiroshi; Nakano, Susumu; Inoue, Yoshitsugu; Maruyama, Kouichi; Namba, Kenichi; Sonoda, Koh Hei; Kaneko, Yutaka; Numaga, Jiro; Fukushima, Masaya; Horiguchi, Noe; Ide, Mitsunao; Ehara, Fumie; Miyazaki, Dai; Hasegawa, Eiichi; Mochizuki, Manabu

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.020

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Infections by the members of the herpes virus family including CMV, herpes simplex virus, and varicella-zoster virus are known to play major roles in corneal endotheliitis and refractory secondary glaucoma 10,12 . Of these, CMV infection of the anterior segment is especially refractory to conventional therapies and often requires surgical interventions 12 . The earlier evidence focused on CMV itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CMV corneal endotheliitis patients. Diagnosis of anterior segment infection by CMV was made by detecting CMV DNA in the aqueous humor by real-time PCR and the clinical characteristics 6,12 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An anterior segment infection by CMV includes anterior uveitis and corneal endotheliitis 6,12 . The diagnosis of CMV corneal endotheliitis was made by detecting the DNA of CMV in aqueous humor samples 10 , and the following clinical findings; the presence of coin-shaped lesions, linear keratoprecipitates (KPs), and localized corneal edema with KP, chronic anterior uveitis, secondary glaucoma, and corneal endothelial cell loss 6 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses for long term prognosis of corneal infection by cytomegalovirus in immunocompetent subjects

Uotani

Miyazaki

Shimizu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ocular cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in immunocompetent individuals are rare, but its activation can cause chronic and relapsing inflammation in anterior segment of the eye resulting in loss of corneal clarity and glaucoma. Fifty five patients with anterior segment CMV infection were assessed for their clinical characteristics, and CMV corneal endotheliitis was found to cause significant loss of corneal endothelial cells. The disease duration with recurrences was significantly correlated with the maximum intraocular level of CMV DNA. To examine why CMV is activated in healthy immunocompetent individuals and causing corneal endothelial cell damage, assays of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) which directly target infected corneal endothelial cells were performed for 9 HLA-matched CMV corneal endotheliitis patients (HLA-A*2402). When the cell loss was analyzed for associations with CTL responses, CMV-induced endothelial cell damage was mitigated by pp65-specific CTL induction. The recurrence-free time was also prolonged by pp65-specific CTL induction (hazard ratio (HR): 0.93, P = 0.01). In contrast, IE1-specific CTL was associated with endothelial cell damage and reduced the time for corneal transplantation (HR: 1.6, P = 0.003) and glaucoma surgery (HR: 1.5, P = 0.001). Collectively, induction of pp65-specific CTL was associated with improved visual prognosis. However, IE1-specific CTL without proper induction of pp65-specific CTL can cause pathological damage leading to the need of surgical interventions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses for long term prognosis of corneal infection by cytomegalovirus in immunocompetent subjects

Uotani

Miyazaki

Shimizu

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 49 ] IOP increases during the course of the disease, with maximum IOP of CMV-AU generally higher than that in HSV- or VZV-AU. [ 50 ] In acute CMV-AU, IOP often exceeds 50 mmHg in the presence of subtle subepithelial edema. [ 40 ] Secondary glaucoma requiring surgery is the most common complication of CMV-AU, followed by posterior subcapsular cataract due to chronic uveitis or to the use of topical corticosteroids to reduce intraocular inflammation.…”

Section: Ain Viruses C Ausing V ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral anterior uveitis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Advancements in molecular biology and the clinical application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have opened a new era in the identification of infectious diseases of the eye and have made it possible to make rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnosis of causal microorganisms using very small volumes of intraocular specimen like the aqueous humour in the anterior chamber and vitreous 4–9 . One example is anterior uveitis caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella‐zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus, which cannot be determined without a PCR test of the aqueous humour of the anterior chamber 10 . A basic set‐up of PCR requires a DNA template (probe) that contains the target DNA region and at least two primer pairs (the sense and antisense strand of the DNA target).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%